60628 (101A)

Table 1A. Estimated Numbers of Persons (in Thousands) in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1995

Demographic Characteristics	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
TOTAL	180,343	186,440	192,605	198,347	201,188	202,859	205,713	207,199	209,411	211,532
AGE GROUP
12-17	23,758	22,295	21,558	20,250	19,978	20,145	20,684	21,224	21,773	22,208
18-25	32,604	33,236	31,601	29,688	29,021	28,496	27,964	28,327	28,027	27,820
26-34	31,339	34,241	36,477	38,570	38,821	38,737	38,215	37,194	36,588	35,975
>35	92,641	96,669	102,969	109,839	113,368	115,481	118,850	120,453	123,023	125,529
RACE/ETHNICITY
White	147,202	150,087	154,224	156,742	157,427	157,363	158,398	157,693	159,029	159,722
Black	19,271	20,134	21,332	22,271	22,779	23,030	23,649	23,002	23,365	23,686
Hispanic	10,586	11,834	13,256	14,925	15,734	16,178	16,849	18,501	19,112	19,736
Other	3,283	4,385	3,793	4,408	5,248	6,288	6,816	8,002	7,905	8,388
SEX
Male	85,887	88,840	91,828	94,878	96,382	97,242	98,778	99,322	100,365	101,449
Female	94,456	97,600	100,776	103,468	104,806	105,617	106,935	107,877	109,046	110,083

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years. Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, some adjusted estimates of past year use may appear to be greater then adjusted lifetime estimates. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not statistically significant.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (101N)

Table 1N. Survey Sample Sizes for All Respondents Aged 12 and Older, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1995

Demographic Characteristics	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
TOTAL	7,224	5,624	8,021	8,814	9,259	32,594	28,832	26,489	17,809	17,747
AGE GROUP
12-17	2,165	1,581	2,230	3,095	2,177	8,005	7,254	6,978	4,698	4,595
18-25	2,044	1,283	1,812	1,505	2,052	7,937	7,721	5,531	3,706	3,963
26-34	1,064	1,571	2,166	1,987	2,355	8,126	7,516	8,342	5,223	5,213
>35	1,951	1,189	1,813	2,227	2,675	8,526	6,341	5,638	4,182	3,976
RACE/ETHNICITY
White	5,862	4,532	3,960	4,551	5,241	15,648	14,080	12,478	8,663	8,459
Black	798	673	1,950	1,888	1,842	8,050	6,511	6,183	4,010	4,208
Hispanic	354	299	2,003	2,193	1,915	7,916	7,148	6,894	4,706	4,599
Other	210	120	108	182	261	980	1,093	934	430	481
SEX
Male	3,357	2,637	3,516	3,938	4,165	14,422	12,988	12,059	7,950	7,652
Female	3,867	2,987	4,505	4,876	5,094	18,172	15,844	14,430	9,859	10,095

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years. Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, some adjusted estimates of past year use may appear to be greater then adjusted lifetime estimates. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not statistically significant.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (1A)

Table 2A. Estimated Numbers of Persons (in Thousands) in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1994 and 1995

	AGE GROUP (Years)
	12-17		18-25		26-34		35 and Older		Total
Demographic Characteristic	1994	1995	1994	1995	1994	1995	1994	1995	1994	1995
TOTAL	21,773	22,208	28,027	27,820	36,588	35,975	123,023	125,529	209,411	211,532
RACE/ ETHNICITY
White	14,996	15,142	19,361	19,117	26,345	25,577	98,327	99,886	159,029	159,722
Black	3,071	3,217	3,770	3,765	4,359	4,309	12,165	12,395	23,365	23,686
Hispanic	2,693	2,797	3,599	3,620	4,332	4,409	8,487	8,910	19,112	19,736
Other	1,012	1,053	1,298	1,317	1,551	1,681	4,044	4,337	7,905	8,388
SEX
Male	11,137	11,358	13,872	13,772	17,899	17,592	57,457	58,727	100,365	101,449
Female	10,636	10,851	14,155	14,048	18,689	18,383	65,566	66,802	109,046	110,083
POPULATION DENSITY1
Large Metro	9,067	9,168	12,839	12,349	17,635	17,281	53,463	54,379	93,004	93,177
Small Metro	7,743	7,104	8,523	9,232	12,532	11,154	41,291	40,437	70,090	67,926
Nonmetro	4,963	5,937	6,665	6,239	6,421	7,540	28,268	30,713	46,317	50,429
REGION
Northeast	3,873	3,890	5,467	4,929	7,097	7,436	24,550	26,982	40,987	43,237
North Central	5,491	5,707	5,984	6,499	8,344	8,177	30,211	28,982	50,029	49,365
South	7,511	7,375	10,154	9,391	12,896	11,864	43,026	44,550	73,587	73,180
West	4,898	5,236	6,422	7,001	8,252	8,497	25,236	25,015	44,808	45,750
ADULT EDUCATION2
<High School	N/A	N/A	5,546	5,410	5,484	5,366	26,838	25,032	37,869	35,808
High School Grad	N/A	N/A	10,119	9,683	11,819	12,025	39,621	43,849	61,559	65,558
Some College	N/A	N/A	8,791	8,686	8,893	8,631	26,909	24,329	44,593	41,646
College Graduate	N/A	N/A	3,571	4,040	10,392	9,953	29,655	32,319	43,618	46,312
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT2
Full-time	N/A	N/A	12,858	13,129	25,010	24,481	58,242	61,653	96,110	99,262
Part-time	N/A	N/A	6,171	6,172	3,834	3,775	14,024	11,744	24,029	21,692
Unemployed	N/A	N/A	2,360	2,331	2,130	2,091	3,819	3,806	8,308	8,229
Other3	N/A	N/A	6,638	6,187	5,614	5,628	46,938	48,326	59,191	60,141

N/A: Not applicable.

NOTE: Estimates for 1994 and 1995 are derived from the new-version questionnaire.

¹ Population density is based on 1990 MSA classifications and their 1990 Census of Population counts.

² Data on adult education and current employment not shown for persons aged 12-17. Estimates for both adult education and current employment are for persons aged >18.

³ Retired, disabled, homemaker, student, or "other."

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1994 and 1995.

60628 (1N)

Table 2N. Survey Sample Sizes for All Respondents Aged 12 and Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1994 and 1995

	AGE GROUP (Years)
	12-17		18-25		26-34		35 and Older		Total
Demographic Characteristic	1994	1995	1994	1995	1994	1995	1994	1995	1994	1995
TOTAL	4,698	4,595	3,706	3,963	5,223	5,213	4,182	3,976	17,809	17,747
RACE/ ETHNICITY
White	2,249	2,205	1,735	1,774	2,594	2,620	2,085	1,860	8,663	8,459
Black	1,084	1,068	791	980	1,193	1,159	942	1,001	4,010	4,208
Hispanic	1,241	1,184	1,086	1,076	1,307	1,299	1,072	1,040	4,706	4,599
Other	124	138	94	133	129	135	83	75	430	481
SEX
Male	2,352	2,318	1,729	1,756	2,167	2,030	1,702	1,548	7,950	7,652
Female	2,346	2,277	1,977	2,207	3,056	3,183	2,480	2,428	9,859	10,095
POPULATION DENSITY1
Large Metro	2,347	1,959	1,901	1,885	2,714	2,628	2,044	2,048	9,006	8,520
Small Metro	1,356	1,547	1,022	1,305	1,524	1,619	1,191	1,198	5,093	5,669
Nonmetro	995	1,089	783	773	985	966	947	730	3,710	3,558
REGION
Northeast	788	689	669	622	924	944	757	729	3,138	2,984
North Central	1,029	901	728	746	1,114	949	829	691	3,700	3,287
South	1,754	1,909	1,414	1,615	1,994	2,015	1,635	1,642	6,797	7,181
West	1,127	1,096	895	980	1,191	1,305	961	914	4,174	4,295
ADULT EDUCATION2
<High School	N/A	N/A	1,055	1,020	1,233	1,112	1,064	1,065	3,352	3,197
High School Grad	N/A	N/A	1,378	1,439	1,834	1,806	1,354	1,301	4,566	4,546
Some College	N/A	N/A	979	1,099	1,193	1,227	897	797	3,069	3,123
College Graduate	N/A	N/A	294	405	963	1,068	867	813	2,124	2,286
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT2
Full-time	N/A	N/A	1,667	1,727	3,275	3,282	2,404	2,225	7,346	7,234
Part-time	N/A	N/A	733	830	553	563	436	379	1,722	1,772
Unemployed	N/A	N/A	395	421	399	372	213	195	1,007	988
Other3	N/A	N/A	911	985	996	996	1,129	1,177	3,036	3,158

N/A: Not applicable.

NOTE: Estimates for 1994 and 1995 are derived from the new-version questionnaire.

¹ Population density is based on 1990 MSA classifications and their 1990 Census of Population counts.

² Data on adult education and current employment not shown for persons aged 12-17. Estimates for both adult education and current employment are for persons aged >18.

³ Retired, disabled, homemaker, student, or "other."

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1994 and 1995.

60628 (103A)

Table 3A. Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) of Lifetime Users of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1995

Drug	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
Any Illicit Drug1	56,414b	--	66,172	67,457	68,838	69,256	68,528	70,776	71,935	72,426
Marijuana and Hashish	50,322b	53,312b	56,547a	60,755	61,266	61,900	62,075	64,149	65,229	65,545
Cocaine	15,541b	21,756	21,495	21,058	22,617	23,271	22,482	23,369	21,821	21,700
Crack	--	--	--	2,672a	2,967	4,194	3,010a	4,034	4,042	3,895
Inhalants	--	--	15,167a	12,646	11,562	12,300	10,988	12,240	12,178	12,016
Hallucinogens	16,016a	16,989	13,221b	15,165b	15,925a	17,007a	17,065	18,743	18,217	20,129
PCP	--	--	3,811b	4,143b	4,019b	4,936a	5,550	5,683	5,911	6,718
LSD	--	--	8,889b	11,874b	11,656b	13,045a	13,681	14,471	14,711	15,852
Heroin	2,324	1,771	1,826	1,749	1,517a	2,433	1,687	2,102	2,083	2,451
Nonmedical Use of Any Psychotherapeutic2	--	--	29,386b	22,258	22,731	24,053	22,552	21,793	20,926	21,446
Stimulants	--	--	14,139a	11,241	11,156	11,385	10,284	10,007	9,671	10,360
Sedatives	--	--	9,260b	5,206	5,609	6,482	5,309	5,320	5,460	5,760
Tranquilizers	--	--	14,692b	8,774	8,020	10,445	9,766	8,751	8,390	8,251
Analgesics	--	--	14,693	11,465	12,751	13,782	12,634	13,324	12,552	12,806
Any Illicit Drug other than Marijuana1	--	--	43,130	38,301	39,190	40,228	38,923	40,803	39,383	40,426
Alcohol	159,525	159,415	163,608	166,571	165,410	169,640	168,572	171,167	176,290	174,182
"Binge" Alcohol Use3	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Heavy Alcohol Use3	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Cigarettes	--	--	150,233	153,466	151,699	151,922	150,283	151,936	153,509	151,917
Smokeless Tobacco	--	--	--	36,551	35,193	35,420	37,538	32,862	36,042	35,899

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years. Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, some adjusted estimates of past year use may appear to be greater then adjusted lifetime estimates. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not statistically significant.

¹ Any Illicit Drug indicates use at least once of marijuana or hashish, cocaine (including crack), inhalants, hallucinogens (including PCP and LSD), heroin, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other than Marijuana indicates use at least once of any of these listed drugs, regardless of marijuana use; marijuana users who also have used any of the other listed drugs are included.

² Nonmedical use of any prescription-type stimulant, sedative, tranquilizer, or analgesic; does not include over-the-counter-drugs.

³ "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least one day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other. Heavy Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on each of five or more days in the past 30 days; all Heavy Alcohol Users are also "Binge" Alcohol Users.

^aDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level.

^bDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .01 level.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (103B)

Table 3B. Percentages Reporting Lifetime Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1995

Drug	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
Any Illicit Drug1	31.3	--	34.4	34.0	34.2	34.1	33.3	34.2	34.4	34.2
Marijuana and Hashish	27.9	28.6	29.4	30.6	30.5	30.5	30.2	31.0	31.1	31.0
Cocaine	8.6	11.7	11.2	10.6	11.2	11.5	10.9	11.3	10.4	10.3
Crack	--	--	--	1.3	1.5	2.1	1.5	1.9	1.9	1.8
Inhalants	--	--	7.9b	6.4	5.7	6.1	5.3	5.9	5.8	5.7
Hallucinogens	8.9	9.1	6.9b	7.6a	7.9a	8.4	8.3	9.0	8.7	9.5
PCP	--	--	2.0b	2.1b	2.0b	2.4a	2.7	2.7	2.8	3.2
LSD	--	--	4.6b	6.0a	5.8a	6.4	6.7	7.0	7.0	7.5
Heroin	1.3	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.8	1.2	0.8	1.0	1.0	1.2
Nonmedical Use of Any Psychotherapeutic2	--	--	15.3b	11.2	11.3	11.9	11.0	10.5	10.0	10.1
Stimulants	--	--	7.3b	5.7	5.5	5.6	5.0	4.8	4.6	4.9
Sedatives	--	--	4.8b	2.6	2.8	3.2	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.7
Tranquilizers	--	--	7.6b	4.4	4.0	5.1a	4.7	4.2	4.0	3.9
Analgesics	--	--	7.6	5.8	6.3	6.8	6.1	6.4	6.0	6.1
Any Illicit Drug other than Marijuana1	--	--	22.4a	19.3	19.5	19.8	18.9	19.7	18.8	19.1
Alcohol	88.5a	85.5	84.9	84.0	82.2	83.6	81.9	82.6	84.2	82.3
"Binge" Alcohol Use3	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Heavy Alcohol Use3	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Cigarettes	--	--	78.0a	77.4	75.4	74.9	73.1	73.3	73.3	71.8
Smokeless Tobacco	--	--	--	18.4	17.5	17.5	18.2	15.9	17.2	17.0

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years. Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, some adjusted estimates of past year use may appear to be greater then adjusted lifetime estimates. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not statistically significant.

¹ Any Illicit Drug indicates use at least once of marijuana or hashish, cocaine (including crack), inhalants, hallucinogens (including PCP and LSD), heroin, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other than Marijuana indicates use at least once of any of these listed drugs, regardless of marijuana use; marijuana users who also have used any of the other listed drugs are included.

² Nonmedical use of any prescription-type stimulant, sedative, tranquilizer, or analgesic; does not include over-the-counter-drugs.

³ "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least one day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other. Heavy Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on each of five or more days in the past 30 days; all Heavy Alcohol Users are also "Binge" Alcohol Users.

^aDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level.

^bDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .01 level.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (104A)

Table 4A. Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) of Past Year Users of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1995

Drug	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
Any Illicit Drug1	31,485b	--	31,488b	24,577	23,449	22,612	20,046	21,402	22,663	22,662
Marijuana and Hashish	29,869b	29,685b	26,145b	19,492	18,931	18,067	16,322	17,510	17,813	17,755
Cocaine	8,608b	10,458b	9,839b	7,151b	5,442a	5,284a	4,332	3,947	3,664	3,664
Crack	--	--	--	1,459	1,463	1,451	1,144	1,416	1,258	1,018
Inhalants	--	--	2,657	2,441	2,212	2,379	1,889	1,940	2,213	2,308
Hallucinogens	5,260	4,149	3,198	3,200	2,350a	2,562	2,530a	2,479a	2,725a	3,416
PCP	--	--	455	167	136	172	207	199	206	322
LSD	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	1,651	2,108
Heroin	427	323	347	508	443	359	304	230	281	428
Nonmedical Use of Any Psychotherapeutic2	--	--	11,988b	9,151a	6,878	7,314	6,260	6,336	6,056	6,166
Stimulants	--	--	5,637b	3,698b	2,319	2,010	1,478	1,774	1,419	1,656
Sedatives	--	--	2,209b	1,376	991	946	802	702	736	666
Tranquilizers	--	--	6,181b	4,124a	2,376	3,143	2,851	2,380	2,405	2,210
Analgesics	--	--	6,921b	5,328	4,986	5,063	4,871	4,560	4,247	4,102
Any Illicit Drug other than Marijuana1	--	--	18,725b	14,884b	12,153	12,624	10,815	10,968	11,127	11,393
Alcohol	131,443	126,534	140,394	135,044	132,859	138,113	133,090	137,771	140,121	138,314
"Binge" Alcohol Use3	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Heavy Alcohol Use3	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Cigarettes	--	--	78,026	76,446	72,622	73,419	72,409	68,831	66,475	67,639
Smokeless Tobacco	--	--	--	11,140	10,924	10,704	11,416	9,168	10,017	9,667

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years. Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, some adjusted estimates of past year use may appear to be greater then adjusted lifetime estimates. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not statistically significant.

¹ Any Illicit Drug indicates use at least once of marijuana or hashish, cocaine (including crack), inhalants, hallucinogens (including PCP and LSD), heroin, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other than Marijuana indicates use at least once of any of these listed drugs, regardless of marijuana use; marijuana users who also have used any of the other listed drugs are included.

² Nonmedical use of any prescription-type stimulant, sedative, tranquilizer, or analgesic; does not include over-the-counter-drugs.

³ "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least one day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other. Heavy Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on each of five or more days in the past 30 days; all Heavy Alcohol Users are also "Binge" Alcohol Users.

^aDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level.

^bDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .01 level.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (104B)

Table 4B. Percentages Reporting Past Year Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1995

Drug	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
Any Illicit Drug1	17.5b	--	16.3b	12.4	11.7	11.1	9.7	10.3	10.8	10.7
Marijuana and Hashish	16.6b	15.9b	13.6b	9.8	9.4	8.9	7.9	8.5	8.5	8.4
Cocaine	4.8b	5.6b	5.1b	3.6b	2.7b	2.6b	2.1	1.9	1.7	1.7
Crack	--	--	--	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.5
Inhalants	--	--	1.4	1.2	1.1	1.2	0.9	0.9	1.1	1.1
Hallucinogens	2.9b	2.2	1.7	1.6	1.2	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.3	1.6
PCP	--	--	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2
LSD	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	0.8	1.0
Heroin	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2
Nonmedical Use of Any Psychotherapeutic2	--	--	6.2b	4.6b	3.4	3.6	3.0	3.1	2.9	2.9
Stimulants	--	--	2.9b	1.9b	1.2	1.0	0.7	0.9	0.7	0.8
Sedatives	--	--	1.1b	0.7	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.3
Tranquilizers	--	--	3.2b	2.1a	1.2	1.5	1.4	1.1	1.1	1.0
Analgesics	--	--	3.6b	2.7	2.5	2.5	2.4	2.2	2.0	1.9
Any Illicit Drug other than Marijuana1	--	--	9.7b	7.5b	6.0	6.2	5.3	5.3	5.3	5.4
Alcohol	72.9a	67.9	72.9a	68.1	66.0	68.1	64.7	66.5	66.9	65.4
"Binge" Alcohol Use3	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Heavy Alcohol Use3	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Cigarettes	--	--	40.5b	38.5b	36.1	36.2a	35.2	33.2	31.7	32.0
Smokeless Tobacco	--	--	--	5.6	5.4	5.3	5.5	4.4	4.8	4.6

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years. Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, some adjusted estimates of past year use may appear to be greater then adjusted lifetime estimates. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not statistically significant.

¹ Any Illicit Drug indicates use at least once of marijuana or hashish, cocaine (including crack), inhalants, hallucinogens (including PCP and LSD), heroin, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other than Marijuana indicates use at least once of any of these listed drugs, regardless of marijuana use; marijuana users who also have used any of the other listed drugs are included.

² Nonmedical use of any prescription-type stimulant, sedative, tranquilizer, or analgesic; does not include over-the-counter-drugs.

³ "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least one day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other. Heavy Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on each of five or more days in the past 30 days; all Heavy Alcohol Users are also "Binge" Alcohol Users.

^aDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level.

^bDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .01 level.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (105A)

Table 5A. Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) of Past Month Users of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1995

Drug	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
Any Illicit Drug1	25,399b	--	23,272b	15,192	13,526	13,368	12,033	12,256	12,553	12,823
Marijuana and Hashish	23,790b	21,507b	18,641b	12,353	10,913	10,366	9,676	9,610	10,112	9,842
Cocaine	4,743b	4,491b	5,686b	3,140b	1,720	2,032	1,402	1,404	1,382	1,453
Crack	--	--	--	673	686	666	436	579	520	420
Inhalants	--	--	1,156	810	787	806	586	589	799	896
Hallucinogens	3,382a	1,608	2,257	1,245	887	1,115	842a	826a	960a	1,469
PCP	--	--	*	*	*	*	16	29	34	40
LSD	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	436	548
Heroin	128	162	137	79	41	71	92	68	117	196
Nonmedical Use of Any Psychotherapeutic2	--	--	7,319b	4,076	3,433	3,934	3,124	3,189	2,566	2,601
Stimulants	--	--	3,407b	2,383a	1,300	906	688	976	678	798
Sedatives	--	--	964	468	339	468	430	315	222	421
Tranquilizers	--	--	4,282b	2,512a	1,216	2,232a	1,646	1,223	967	809
Analgesics	--	--	2,657a	1,361	1,816	1,723	1,828	1,675	1,542	1,264
Any Illicit Drug other than Marijuana1	--	--	11,832b	6,768	5,436	6,187	4,909	4,873	4,907	5,574
Alcohol	114,065	105,613	115,984	108,882	105,869	105,938	100,789	105,351	112,804	110,501
"Binge" Alcohol Use3	--	--	38,545	29,599	28,837	31,119	29,493	29,984	33,409	32,415
Heavy Alcohol Use3	--	--	15,757a	11,468	12,535	13,540	12,689	13,681	12,650	11,319
Cigarettes	--	--	74,545a	69,931	65,540	67,030	65,695	61,386	59,955	60,902
Smokeless Tobacco	--	--	--	7,769	7,810	7,562	8,283	6,694	6,838	6,907

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years. Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, some adjusted estimates of past year use may appear to be greater then adjusted lifetime estimates. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not statistically significant.

¹ Any Illicit Drug indicates use at least once of marijuana or hashish, cocaine (including crack), inhalants, hallucinogens (including PCP and LSD), heroin, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other than Marijuana indicates use at least once of any of these listed drugs, regardless of marijuana use; marijuana users who also have used any of the other listed drugs are included.

² Nonmedical use of any prescription-type stimulant, sedative, tranquilizer, or analgesic; does not include over-the-counter-drugs.

³ "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least one day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other. Heavy Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on each of five or more days in the past 30 days; all Heavy Alcohol Users are also "Binge" Alcohol Users.

^aDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level.

^bDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .01 level.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (105B)

Table 5B. Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Illicit Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older: 1979-1995

Drug	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
Any Illicit Drug1	14.1b	--	12.1b	7.7	6.7	6.6	5.8	5.9	6.0	6.1
Marijuana and Hashish	13.2b	11.5b	9.7b	6.2a	5.4	5.1	4.7	4.6	4.8	4.7
Cocaine	2.6b	2.4b	3.0b	1.6b	0.9	1.0	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7
Crack	--	--	--	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2
Inhalants	--	--	0.6	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4
Hallucinogens	1.9a	0.9	1.2	0.6	0.4	0.5	0.4a	0.4a	0.5a	0.7
PCP	--	--	*	*	*	*	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
LSD	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	0.2	0.3
Heroin	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1
Nonmedical Use of Any Psychotherapeutic2	--	--	3.8b	2.1a	1.7	1.9	1.5	1.5	1.2	1.2
Stimulants	--	--	1.8b	1.2a	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.5	0.3	0.4
Sedatives	--	--	0.5	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2
Tranquilizers	--	--	2.2b	1.3a	0.6	1.1a	0.8	0.6	0.5	0.4
Analgesics	--	--	1.4a	0.7	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.7	0.6
Any Illicit Drug other than Marijuana1	--	--	6.1b	3.4	2.7	3.0	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.6
Alcohol	63.2b	56.6	60.2b	54.9	52.6	52.2	49.0	50.8	53.9	52.2
"Binge" Alcohol Use3	--	--	20.2b	15.0	14.4	15.5	14.5	14.6	16.5	15.8
Heavy Alcohol Use3	--	--	8.3a	5.8	6.3	6.8	6.2	6.7	6.2	5.5
Cigarettes	--	--	38.7b	35.3b	32.6	33.0a	31.9	29.6	28.6	28.8
Smokeless Tobacco	--	--	--	3.9	3.9	3.7	4.0	3.2	3.3	3.3

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years.

Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, some

adjusted estimates of past year use may appear to be greater then adjusted lifetime estimates. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not statistically significant.

¹ Any Illicit Drug indicates use at least once of marijuana or hashish, cocaine (including crack), inhalants, hallucinogens (including PCP and LSD), heroin, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other than Marijuana indicates use at least once of any of these listed drugs, regardless of marijuana use; marijuana users who also have used any of the other listed drugs are included.

² Nonmedical use of any prescription-type stimulant, sedative, tranquilizer, or analgesic; does not include over-the-counter-drugs.

³ "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least one day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other. Heavy Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on each of five or more days in the past 30 days; all Heavy Alcohol Users are also "Binge" Alcohol Users.

^aDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level.

^bDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .01 level.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (108B)

Table 6. Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1995

Demographic Characteristics	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
TOTAL	14.1b	--	12.1b	7.7	6.7	6.6	5.8	5.9	6.0	6.1
AGE GROUP
12-17	16.3a	--	13.2	8.1	7.1b	5.8b	5.3b	5.7b	8.2b	10.9
18-25	38.0b	--	25.3b	17.9	15.0	15.4	13.1	13.6	13.3	14.2
26-34	20.8b	--	23.1b	14.7b	10.9	10.0	11.4	9.5	8.5	8.3
>35	2.8	--	3.9	2.3	3.1	3.4	2.5	3.0	3.2	2.8
RACE/ETHNICITY
White	14.2b	--	12.3b	7.7	6.9	6.5	6.1	6.1	6.0	6.0
Black	13.3a	--	12.7b	6.6	7.3	8.1	5.6a	5.8a	7.3	7.9
Hispanic	12.9b	--	8.9b	6.9	5.6	5.3	4.4	5.2	5.4	5.1
Other	15.1b	--	10.7	*	3.4	6.0	3.9	4.3	3.1	4.0
SEX
Male	19.2b	--	14.9b	9.4	8.2	7.9	7.6	7.7	7.9	7.8
Female	9.4b	--	9.5b	6.0	5.3	5.4	4.2	4.3	4.3	4.5

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: Any Illicit Drug indicates use at least once of marijuana or hashish, cocaine (including crack), inhalants, hallucinogens (including PCP and LSD), heroin, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other than Marijuana indicates use at least once of any of these listed drugs, regardless of marijuana use; marijuana users who also have used any of the other listed drugs are included.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years.

Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, some

adjusted estimates of past year use may appear to be greater then adjusted lifetime estimates. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not statistically significant.

^aDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level.

^bDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .01 level.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (114B)

Table 7. Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Marijuana, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1995

Demographic Characteristics	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
TOTAL	13.2b	11.5b	9.7b	6.2a	5.4	5.1	4.7	4.6	4.8	4.7
AGE GROUP
12-17	14.2a	9.9	10.2	5.4a	4.4b	3.6b	3.4b	4.0b	6.0b	8.2
18-25	35.6b	27.2b	21.7b	15.3	12.7	12.9	10.9	11.1	12.1	12.0
26-34	19.7b	19.0b	19.0b	12.3a	9.5	7.7	9.3	7.5	6.9	6.7
>35	2.9	3.9	2.6	1.8	2.4	2.6	2.0	2.4	2.3	1.8
RACE/ETHNICITY
White	13.6b	11.9b	10.0b	6.3	5.7	5.2	5.1	4.9	4.8	4.7
Black	11.0a	11.5a	9.9a	4.7	5.1	5.5	3.9a	4.2	5.9	5.9
Hispanic	11.4a	8.6	6.4a	4.9	3.9	3.6	3.0	3.9	4.1	3.9
Other	12.2b	*	7.6	*	*	4.2	2.6	3.2	3.0	2.8
SEX
Male	18.1b	16.4b	12.6b	8.4a	6.8	6.8	6.4	6.4	6.7	6.2
Female	8.7b	7.1b	7.1b	4.2	4.2	3.6	3.1	3.0	3.1	3.3

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years.

Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, some

adjusted estimates of past year use may appear to be greater then adjusted lifetime estimates. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not statistically significant.

^aDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level.

^bDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .01 level.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (117B)

Table 8. Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Cocaine, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1995

Demographic Characteristics	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
TOTAL	2.6b	2.4b	3.0b	1.6b	0.9	1.0	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7
AGE GROUP
12-17	1.5	1.9	1.5	1.2	0.6	0.4	0.3a	0.4	0.3a	0.8
18-25	9.9b	7.0b	8.1b	4.8b	2.3	2.2	2.0	1.6	1.2	1.3
26-34	3.0a	3.5b	6.3b	2.8a	1.9	1.9	1.5	1.0	1.3	1.2
>35	0.2	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.2	0.5	0.2	0.4	0.4	0.4
RACE/ETHNICITY
White	2.4b	2.5b	3.0b	1.4a	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.6
Black	2.8	2.4	3.4b	2.2	1.8	1.9a	1.0	1.4	1.3	1.1
Hispanic	4.8a	1.5	2.5b	2.8a	2.0a	1.7b	1.3	1.2	1.1	0.7
Other	3.5a	*	*	1.7	*	2.1	0.1	*	*	0.3
SEX
Male	3.5b	3.4b	3.9b	2.2b	1.2	1.4	1.0	1.0	0.9	1.0
Female	1.8b	1.5b	2.1b	1.0a	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years.

Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, some

adjusted estimates of past year use may appear to be greater then adjusted lifetime estimates. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not statistically significant.

^aDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level.

^bDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .01 level.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (120B)

Table 9. Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Alcohol, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1995

Demographic Characteristics	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
TOTAL	63.2b	56.6	60.2b	54.9	52.6	52.2	49.0	50.8	53.9	52.2
AGE GROUP
12-17	49.6b	34.9b	41.2b	33.4b	32.5b	27.0a	20.9	23.9	21.6	21.1
18-25	75.1b	66.6	70.1	64.7	62.8	63.1	58.6	58.7	63.1	61.3
26-34	71.6a	71.5a	70.6	65.3	64.4	62.7	62.3	63.8	65.3	63.0
>35	59.7	53.0	57.5	52.6	49.5	50.4	47.4	49.8	54.1	52.6
RACE/ETHNICITY
White	64.4a	58.4	62.8	56.7	54.6	54.0	50.9	54.0	56.7	55.6
Black	58.8b	49.4	50.6b	47.8a	47.0	47.2a	42.8	40.5	43.8	40.8
Hispanic	58.6b	53.1	49.3	48.1	45.8	46.3	43.7	44.3	47.7	45.2
Other	50.9	*	*	*	37.7	42.4	39.2	33.0	42.0	36.9
SEX
Male	72.4b	66.8	69.2a	62.3	60.5	59.6	57.2	58.7	60.3	60.1
Female	54.9b	47.4	52.0a	48.1	45.4	45.4	41.4	43.6	47.9	45.0

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years.

Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, some

adjusted estimates of past year use may appear to be greater then adjusted lifetime estimates. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not statistically significant.

^aDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level.

^bDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .01 level.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (121B)

Table 10. Percentages Reporting Past Month "Binge" Alcohol Use, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1995

Demographic Characteristics	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
TOTAL	--	--	20.2b	15.0	14.4	15.5	14.5	14.6	16.5	15.8
AGE GROUP
12-17	--	--	21.9b	15.1a	15.4a	13.2a	10.0	11.0	8.3	7.9
18-25	--	--	34.4	28.2	29.5	31.2	29.9	29.1	33.6	29.9
26-34	--	--	27.5	19.7	21.1	21.5	22.8	21.9	24.0	24.0
>35	--	--	12.9	9.7	8.0a	10.1	9.0	9.6	11.8	11.8
RACE/ETHNICITY
White	--	--	21.6a	15.8	14.9	16.2	15.3	15.6	17.1	16.6
Black	--	--	12.1	8.9	11.1	11.0	10.3	9.0	11.5	11.2
Hispanic	--	--	19.1	15.7	16.9	18.4	16.3	17.2	18.3	17.2
Other	--	--	11.1	13.7	4.7a	9.6	7.6	6.5	13.0	9.7
SEX
Male	--	--	31.6b	23.2	22.1	23.5	21.9	22.7	24.7	23.8
Female	--	--	9.8	7.5	7.3	8.3	7.7	7.3	8.9	8.5

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least one day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other. Heavy Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on each of five or more days in the past 30 days; all Heavy Alcohol Users are also "Binge" Alcohol Users.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years.

Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, some

adjusted estimates of past year use may appear to be greater then adjusted lifetime estimates. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not statistically significant.

^aDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level.

^bDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .01 level.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (122B)

Table 11. Percentages Reporting Past Month Heavy Alcohol Use, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1995

Demographic Characteristics	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
TOTAL	--	--	8.3a	5.8	6.3	6.8	6.2	6.7	6.2	5.5
AGE GROUP
12-17	--	--	9.5	4.0	4.4	6.0	3.4	3.4	2.5	2.8
18-25	--	--	13.8	12.0	14.9	15.2	15.1	14.0	13.2	12.0
26-34	--	--	11.5	7.1	8.2	7.9	8.5	8.5	8.0	7.9
>35	--	--	5.2	4.0	3.7	4.4	3.9	5.0	4.8	3.9
RACE/ETHNICITY
White	--	--	9.1a	6.3	6.7	7.2	6.8	7.5	6.4	5.7
Black	--	--	3.5	2.8a	4.1	4.3	3.5	3.3	4.8	4.6
Hispanic	--	--	7.1	5.3	5.9	6.8	6.3	6.0	7.3	6.3
Other	--	--	*	3.9	*	3.3	2.2	1.9	4.7	2.4
SEX
Male	--	--	13.8a	10.2	10.8	10.8	10.1	11.9	10.3	9.4
Female	--	--	3.2a	1.8	2.1	3.1a	2.7	1.9	2.5	2.0

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least one day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other. Heavy Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on each of five or more days in the past 30 days; all Heavy Alcohol Users are also "Binge" Alcohol Users.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years.

Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, some

adjusted estimates of past year use may appear to be greater then adjusted lifetime estimates. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not statistically significant.

^aDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level.

^bDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .01 level.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (125B)

Table 12. Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Cigarettes, by Age Group, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex: 1979-1995

Demographic Characteristics	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
TOTAL	--	--	38.7b	35.3b	32.6	33.0a	31.9	29.6	28.6	28.8
AGE GROUP
12-17	--	--	29.4a	22.7	22.4	20.9	18.4	18.5	18.9	20.2
18-25	--	--	47.4b	45.6b	40.9	41.7	41.5	37.9	34.6	35.3
26-34	--	--	45.7b	42.1a	42.4a	37.3	38.2	34.2	32.4	34.7
>35	--	--	35.5a	32.4	28.9	31.6	30.0	28.2	27.9	27.2
RACE/ETHNICITY
White	--	--	38.9b	35.2a	33.6	33.5	32.8	30.3	29.4	29.7
Black	--	--	38.0b	34.2	29.9	31.2	29.8	26.2	28.4	28.1
Hispanic	--	--	40.0b	35.6b	28.5	33.6b	29.2	29.0	25.8	24.7
Other	--	--	*	*	25.7	28.0	25.4	27.6	20.5	23.5
SEX
Male	--	--	43.4b	39.5b	36.0a	35.2	34.1	32.2	31.5	31.0
Female	--	--	34.5b	31.4a	29.4	31.1a	30.0	27.3	26.0	26.8

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years.

Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, some

adjusted estimates of past year use may appear to be greater then adjusted lifetime estimates. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not statistically significant.

^aDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level.

^bDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .01 level.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (126A)

Table 13A. Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) of Marijuana, Cocaine, and Alcohol Users in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older, by Past Year Frequency of Use: 1985-1995

Drug/Frequency of Use in Past Year	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
MARIJUANA
Fewer than 12 days1	--	--	12,824b	9,429	10,234	9,564	8,216	9,001	9,272	8,584
12 or more days1,2	--	--	14,153b	10,480	9,054	8,575	8,198	8,517	8,541	9,171
51 or more days1	--	--	8,423b	6,298	5,187	4,880	4,914	4,816	5,139	5,316
COCAINE
Fewer than 12 days1	--	--	7,141b	5,121b	3,656	3,837a	3,042	2,688	2,408	2,486
12 or more days1,2	--	--	2,722b	2,045a	1,789	1,460	1,297	1,262	1,255	1,178
51 or more days1	--	--	781	1,112	855	806	829	615	734	582
ALCOHOL
Fewer than 12 days1	--	--	47,957	47,056	53,349	54,239	55,779	55,057	55,126	53,967
12 or more days1,2	--	--	93,190	88,724	80,136	84,455	77,825	83,354	84,995	84,346
51 or more days1	--	--	53,364	47,126	41,558	42,787	41,497	44,359	45,662	48,639

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years.

Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, the number of past year users

of a drug shown here from the frequency of use in the past year question may differ from the estimated number of past year users based on the recency of use question. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not

statistically significant.

¹ For 1993 and earlier, "occasional" use is equivalent to use in the past year but on "fewer than 12 days" in this table. Also for 1993 and earlier, "monthly" use is equivalent to use on "12 or more days" in the past year in this table and "weekly" use is equivalent to use on "51 or more days" in the past year in this table.

² The category of use on "12 or more days" includes "51 or more days" used; the sum of "fewer than 12 days and "12 or more days" users equals all past year users.

^aDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level.

^bDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .01 level.

Source: SAMHSA, Office Of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (126B)

Table 13B. Percentages Reporting Marijuana, Cocaine, and Alcohol Use in the U.S. Population Aged 12 and Older, by Past Year Frequency of Use: 1985-1995

Drug/Frequency of Use in Past Year	1979	1982	1985	1988	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
MARIJUANA
Fewer than 12 days1	--	--	6.7b	4.8	5.1a	4.7	4.0	4.3	4.4	4.1
12 or more days1,2	--	--	7.3b	5.3	4.5	4.2	4.0	4.1	4.1	4.3
51 or more days1	--	--	4.4b	3.2	2.6	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.5	2.5
COCAINE
Fewer than 12 days1	--	--	3.7b	2.6b	1.8a	1.9a	1.5	1.3	1.2	1.2
12 or more days1,2	--	--	1.4b	1.0a	0.9	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6
51 or more days1	--	--	0.4	0.6	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.3
ALCOHOL
Fewer than 12 days1	--	--	24.9	23.7	26.5	26.7	27.1	26.6	26.3	25.5
12 or more days1,2	--	--	48.4b	44.7a	39.8	41.6	37.8	40.2	40.6	39.9
51 or more days1	--	--	27.7a	23.8	20.7	21.1	20.2	21.4	21.8	23.0

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

-- Not available.

NOTE: The population distributions for the 1993, 1994, and 1995 NHSDAs are post-stratified to population projections of totals based on the 1990 decennial census. The 1979 NHSDA used population projections based on the 1970 census; NHSDAs from 1982 through 1992 used projections based on the 1980 census. The change from one census base to another has little effect on estimated percentages reporting drug use, but may have significant effect on estimates of number of drug users in some subpopulation groups.

NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 may differ from estimates for these survey years that were published in other NHSDA reports. The estimates shown here for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on the new version of the NHSDA instrument that was fielded in 1994 and subsequent NHSDAs. For 1979 and 1982, estimates are not shown (as indicated by --) where (a) the relevant data were not collected, or (b) the data for those drugs were based on measures that differed appreciably from those used in the other survey years. Consequently, adjustments to the 1979 and 1982 data were made only for those drugs whose measures were comparable to those in the other survey years.

Because of the methodology used to adjust the 1979 through 1993 estimates, some logical inconsistency may exist between estimates for a given drug within the same survey year. For example, the number of past year users

of a drug shown here from the frequency of use in the past year question may differ from the estimated number of past year users based on the recency of use question. These inconsistencies tend to be small, rare and not

statistically significant.

¹ For 1993 and earlier, "occasional" use is equivalent to use in the past year but on "fewer than 12 days" in this table. Also for 1993 and earlier, "monthly" use is equivalent to use on "12 or more days" in the past year in this table and "weekly" use is equivalent to use on "51 or more days" in the past year in this table.

² The category of use on "12 or more days" includes "51 or more days" used; the sum of "fewer than 12 days and "12 or more days" users equals all past year users.

^aDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level.

^bDifference between estimate and 1995 estimate is statistically significant at the .01 level.

Source: SAMHSA, Office Of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

60628 (35B)

Table 14. Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Any Illicit Drug, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1994 and 1995

	AGE GROUP (Years)
	12-17		18-25		26-34		35 and Older		Total
Demographic Characteristic	1994	1995	1994	1995	1994	1995	1994	1995	1994	1995
TOTAL	8.2b	10.9	13.3	14.2	8.5	8.3	3.2	2.8	6.0	6.1
RACE/ ETHNICITY
White	8.5b	11.2	14.6	15.5	9.0	8.9	3.1	2.7	6.0	6.0
Black	8.3	10.7	12.8	13.5	10.2	9.1	4.4	5.0	7.3	7.9
Hispanic	8.1	9.4	9.1	8.2	5.7	6.3	2.9	1.9	5.4	5.1
Other	2.7a	11.2	*	14.5	3.2	1.5	*	*	3.1	4.0
SEX
Male	8.5b	12.1	17.1	17.0	11.6	11.2	4.3	3.8	7.9	7.8
Female	7.8	9.6	9.6	11.5	5.6	5.5	2.2	1.9	4.3	4.5
POPULATION DENSITY1
Large Metro	7.6a	10.3	14.0	15.5	9.1	8.9	3.0	2.3	6.1	6.1
Small Metro	10.4	11.4	13.5	15.1	8.3	9.1	3.9	3.2	6.6	6.6
Nonmetro	5.7b	11.2	11.8	10.5	7.5	5.8	2.4	2.9	4.8	5.3
REGION
Northeast	6.8	9.1	10.8a	16.9	7.8	6.3	2.7	1.7	5.1	4.9
North Central	9.2a	12.8	13.8	12.3	8.7	8.5	2.8	3.0	5.8	6.3
South	7.7	9.5	14.2	12.4	8.5	8.2	3.5	2.7	6.3	5.5
West	8.8a	12.0	13.6	16.5	9.0	10.0	3.5	3.8	6.6	7.8
ADULT EDUCATION2
<High School	N/A	N/A	15.8	18.0	13.3	12.7	2.2	2.9	5.8	6.7
High School Grad	N/A	N/A	12.8	15.3	9.3	8.5	3.2	2.9	5.9	5.7
Some College	N/A	N/A	14.0	13.6	7.7	8.8	3.5	2.9	6.4	6.4
College Graduate	N/A	N/A	9.3	7.6	5.8	5.2	3.8	2.4	4.7	3.5
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT2
Full-time	N/A	N/A	12.4	13.2	8.6	7.8	4.6a	2.9	6.7a	5.5
Part-time	N/A	N/A	12.8	15.8	7.5	9.3	3.8	5.3	6.7	9.0
Unemployed	N/A	N/A	19.9	22.1	16.4	19.8	8.9	6.6	13.9	14.3
Other3	N/A	N/A	13.3	11.8	5.8	5.7	0.8	1.7	2.7	3.1

*Low precision; no estimate reported.

N/A: Not applicable.

NOTE: Any Illicit Drug indicates use at least once of marijuana or hashish, cocaine (including crack), inhalants, hallucinogens (including PCP and LSD), heroin, or any prescription-type psychotherapeutic used nonmedically. Any Illicit Drug Other than Marijuana indicates use at least once of any of these listed drugs, regardless of marijuana use; marijuana users who also have used any of the other listed drugs are included.

NOTE: Estimates for 1994 and 1995 are derived from the new-version questionnaire.

¹ Population density is based on 1990 MSA classifications and their 1990 Census of Population counts.

² Data on adult education and current employment not shown for persons aged 12-17. Estimates for both adult education and current employment are for persons aged > 18.

³ Retired, disabled, homemaker, student, or "other."

^aDifference between 1994 and 1995 is statistically significant at the .05 level.

^bDifference between 1994 and 1995 is statistically significant at the .01 level.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1994 and 1995.

60628 (41B)

Table 15. Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Marijuana, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: 1994 and 1995

	AGE GROUP (Years)
	12-17		18-25		26-34		35 and Older		Total
Demographic Characteristic	1994	1995	1994	1995	1994	1995	1994	1995	1994	1995
TOTAL	6.0b	8.2	12.1	12.0	6.9	6.7	2.3	1.8	4.8	4.7
RACE/ ETHNICITY
White	6.2a	8.4	13.3	13.1	7.4	7.4	2.3	1.8	4.8	4.7
Black	6.4	7.6	12.0	12.1	7.4	7.4	3.4	3.1	5.9	5.9
Hispanic	6.0	7.7	7.7	7.1	4.5	4.2	1.8	1.2	4.1	3.9
Other	2.1	9.3	*	8.3	3.2	1.5	*	*	3.0	2.8
SEX
Male	6.8a	9.0	15.6	14.8	9.9	9.6	3.5	2.6	6.7	6.2
Female	5.2a	7.4	8.7	9.2	4.0	4.0	1.3	1.1	3.1	3.3
POPULATION DENSITY1
Large Metro	5.8a	8.5	12.7	13.2	7.4	7.3	2.2	1.6	5.0	4.9
Small Metro	7.8	7.9	12.4	12.3	6.4	7.3	3.2	2.3	5.4	5.1
Nonmetro	3.8b	8.1	10.4	8.9	6.4	4.8	1.4	1.4	3.7	3.6
REGION
Northeast	5.4	7.7	10.1a	15.5	7.0	5.0	2.1	1.2	4.3	4.1
North Central	7.4	10.2	11.9	10.2	6.9	7.0	2.1	1.8	4.6	4.7
South	5.2	6.7	13.1	10.3	6.5	6.8	2.8	1.6	5.1	4.1
West	6.4	8.7	12.4	13.3	7.4	7.9	2.2	2.8	5.1	6.0
ADULT EDUCATION2
<High School	N/A	N/A	14.8	15.3	10.7	10.8	1.4	1.4	4.7	4.9
High School Grad	N/A	N/A	11.3	12.3	7.4	7.0	2.0	1.6	4.6	4.2
Some College	N/A	N/A	12.5	11.6	6.1	6.8	3.0	2.2	5.5	5.1
College Graduate	N/A	N/A	9.3	7.5	5.0	4.2	3.1	2.1	4.0	3.0
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT2
Full-time	N/A	N/A	10.9	10.9	7.3	6.3	3.6a	2.0	5.5a	4.2
Part-time	N/A	N/A	11.5	14.0	5.3	8.1	2.7	3.9	5.4	7.5
Unemployed	N/A	N/A	18.8	19.8	12.2	17.1	5.0	5.8	10.8	12.6
Other3	N/A	N/A	12.5	9.3	4.2	3.8	0.5	0.7	2.2	1.9