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Youth Substance Use: State Estimates From the 1999 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse |
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Appendix C: Sample-Based Estimates
In this report, the State estimates include both model-based estimates and sample-based estimates. The tables in this appendix represent sample-based estimates, which were restricted to scales and other continuous data that resulted in more precise estimates than questions having only "yes" or "no" answers. Still, the smaller sample sizes in the 42 States and the District of Columbia and the wide range of responses for some of the variables sometimes resulted in sample-based estimates with sizable sampling errors. Therefore, it is important to use the 95 percent confidence interval associated with each State sample-based estimate when making inferences about it.
The sample-based estimates in the average age at first use tables (Tables C.1, C.3, C.5, C.12, C.16, C.17, C.18) are based on special considerations. Specifically, when estimating the average age at first use, using only those who were 12 to 17 in 1999 was also considered because their earlier behavior would have a more direct bearing on their current use. However, there was concern that, for some youths, the age at first use might have occurred as early as 1990 or as late as 1999, and thus not present a summary of more "recent" experience. In addition, given the small age span, there is little differentiation in the average age at first use, which makes it difficult to analyze differences in the patterns in different subgroups. For example, in 1999, the average ages at first use among youths aged 12 to 17 were 12.3 years for cigarettes, 12.9 years for alcohol, and 13.6 years for marijuana (data not shown in tables). Even if the measures were limited to youths aged 12 to 17, the true average age at first use among all youths (i.e., persons aged 0 to 17) would be significantly underestimated for cigarettes and alcohol because significant numbers of youths aged 10 and 11 initiate alcohol or cigarettes. For these reasons, the summary was limited to relatively "recent" initiation in the years 1995 to 1997, even though it would be less directly related to "explaining" current use among youths.
10629
Table C.1 Average Age at First Alcohol Use Among Persons Reporting First Use of Alcohol at Age 25 or Younger in 1995 to 1997, by State: 1999
|
State |
Average Age |
95% C.I. |
State |
Average Age |
95% C.I. |
National |
15.7 |
(15.6 -15.8) |
Missouri |
15.6 |
(14.6 -16.6) |
Alabama |
15.6 |
(14.8 -16.3) |
Montana |
14.8 |
(14.5 -15.1) |
Alaska |
15.3 |
(14.7 -15.8) |
Nebraska |
15.6 |
(15.0 -16.2) |
Arizona |
15.1 |
(14.3 -15.8) |
Nevada |
15.1 |
(14.4 -15.8) |
Arkansas |
15.5 |
(14.8 -16.2) |
New Hampshire |
15.5 |
(14.6 -16.5) |
California |
15.7 |
(15.5 -16.0) |
New Jersey |
15.9 |
(15.4 -16.4) |
Colorado |
15.1 |
(14.5 -15.6) |
New Mexico |
15.8 |
(15.1 -16.4) |
Connecticut |
15.6 |
(14.6 -16.5) |
New York |
15.5 |
(15.1 -16.0) |
Delaware |
15.6 |
(15.0 -16.1) |
North Carolina |
15.7 |
(15.3 -16.2) |
District of Columbia |
16.5 |
(15.3 -17.7) |
North Dakota |
15.1 |
(14.4 -15.8) |
Florida |
15.9 |
(15.5 -16.3) |
Ohio |
15.5 |
(15.3 -15.8) |
Georgia |
16.0 |
(15.4 -16.6) |
Oklahoma |
15.1 |
(14.3 -15.9) |
Hawaii |
15.4 |
(14.8 -16.1) |
Oregon |
15.3 |
(14.6 -16.1) |
Idaho |
15.7 |
(15.3 -16.1) |
Pennsylvania |
15.8 |
(15.5 -16.1) |
Illinois |
15.8 |
(15.4 -16.2) |
Rhode Island |
14.9 |
(14.3 -15.4) |
Indiana |
16.2 |
(15.8 -16.6) |
South Carolina |
16.2 |
(15.4 -17.0) |
Iowa |
15.8 |
(15.0 -16.5) |
South Dakota |
15.1 |
(14.7 -15.4) |
Kansas |
15.4 |
(14.8 -16.0) |
Tennessee |
16.0 |
(15.5 -16.5) |
Kentucky |
15.7 |
(15.3 -16.1) |
Texas |
15.8 |
(15.5 -16.1) |
Louisiana |
15.5 |
(14.7 -16.2) |
Utah |
15.7 |
(15.1 -16.3) |
Maine |
15.6 |
(15.0 -16.2) |
Vermont |
15.0 |
(14.5 -15.5) |
Maryland |
15.7 |
(14.7 -16.7) |
Virginia |
16.0 |
(15.5 -16.6) |
Massachusetts |
15.6 |
(15.1 -16.2) |
Washington |
15.4 |
(14.7 -16.2) |
Michigan |
15.7 |
(15.4 -16.0) |
West Virginia |
15.6 |
(15.1 -16.2) |
Minnesota |
15.6 |
(15.2 -16.0) |
Wisconsin |
15.4 |
(15.0 -15.7) |
Mississippi |
16.3 |
(15.8 -16.8) |
Wyoming |
15.2 |
(14.3 -16.1) |
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 CAI.
10702
Table C.2 Average Scale Scores of Alcohol Dependence Among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by State: 1999
|
State |
Average Score |
95% C.I. |
State |
Average Score |
95% C.I. |
National |
0.58 |
(0.56 -0.60) |
Missouri |
0.54 |
(0.39 -0.70) |
Alabama |
0.47 |
(0.32 -0.62) |
Montana |
0.84 |
(0.68 -1.00) |
Alaska |
0.65 |
(0.50 -0.80) |
Nebraska |
0.58 |
(0.44 -0.73) |
Arizona |
0.76 |
(0.58 -0.94) |
Nevada |
0.73 |
(0.56 -0.89) |
Arkansas |
0.61 |
(0.48 -0.74) |
New Hampshire |
0.59 |
(0.45 -0.74) |
California |
0.56 |
(0.50 -0.63) |
New Jersey |
0.60 |
(0.44 -0.76) |
Colorado |
0.70 |
(0.54 -0.87) |
New Mexico |
0.67 |
(0.48 -0.87) |
Connecticut |
0.72 |
(0.52 -0.93) |
New York |
0.61 |
(0.49 -0.72) |
Delaware |
0.73 |
(0.52 -0.95) |
North Carolina |
0.47 |
(0.34 -0.60) |
District of Columbia |
0.50 |
(0.17 -0.84) |
North Dakota |
0.96 |
(0.74 -1.17) |
Florida |
0.44 |
(0.37 -0.51) |
Ohio |
0.54 |
(0.47 -0.61) |
Georgia |
0.49 |
(0.41 -0.58) |
Oklahoma |
0.53 |
(0.38 -0.68) |
Hawaii |
0.55 |
(0.37 -0.74) |
Oregon |
0.60 |
(0.43 -0.77) |
Idaho |
0.53 |
(0.42 -0.64) |
Pennsylvania |
0.54 |
(0.47 -0.61) |
Illinois |
0.61 |
(0.53 -0.69) |
Rhode Island |
0.56 |
(0.40 -0.71) |
Indiana |
0.56 |
(0.46 -0.66) |
South Carolina |
0.55 |
(0.39 -0.72) |
Iowa |
0.73 |
(0.61 -0.84) |
South Dakota |
0.80 |
(0.62 -0.99) |
Kansas |
0.52 |
(0.36 -0.67) |
Tennessee |
0.40 |
(0.29 -0.52) |
Kentucky |
0.54 |
(0.43 -0.66) |
Texas |
0.59 |
(0.52 -0.66) |
Louisiana |
0.60 |
(0.41 -0.78) |
Utah |
0.37 |
(0.24 -0.49) |
Maine |
0.54 |
(0.39 -0.69) |
Vermont |
0.60 |
(0.46 -0.73) |
Maryland |
0.64 |
(0.48 -0.80) |
Virginia |
0.46 |
(0.32 -0.60) |
Massachusetts |
0.78 |
(0.60 -0.96) |
Washington |
0.57 |
(0.43 -0.71) |
Michigan |
0.55 |
(0.49 -0.61) |
West Virginia |
0.62 |
(0.45 -0.78) |
Minnesota |
0.63 |
(0.45 -0.80) |
Wisconsin |
0.76 |
(0.60 -0.92) |
Mississippi |
0.66 |
(0.51 -0.81) |
Wyoming |
0.77 |
(0.63 -0.91) |
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: A respondent who answered "Yes" to three or more of the seven alcohol criteria for dependence listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) would be considered alcohol dependent. Respondents were assigned a score of 1 if they answered "no" to all seven questions, and a score of 8 if they answered "yes" to all the questions. A respondent who has not used alcohol in the past year was assigned a score of zero.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 CAI.
10629
Table C.3 Average Age at First Cigarette Use Among Persons Reporting First Use of Cigarettes at Age 25 or Younger in 1995 to 1997, by State: 1999
|
State |
Average Age |
95% C.I. |
State |
Average Age |
95% C.I. |
National |
15.0 |
(14.9 -15.1) |
Missouri |
15.2 |
(14.5 -15.9) |
Alabama |
15.0 |
(14.1 -15.9) |
Montana |
14.4 |
(13.8 -14.9) |
Alaska |
14.4 |
(13.7 -15.1) |
Nebraska |
15.4 |
(14.7 -16.0) |
Arizona |
14.4 |
(13.5 -15.3) |
Nevada |
14.1 |
(13.3 -14.9) |
Arkansas |
15.2 |
(13.7 -16.8) |
New Hampshire |
16.6 |
(15.3 -18.0) |
California |
15.4 |
(15.1 -15.8) |
New Jersey |
15.3 |
(14.7 -15.8) |
Colorado |
14.2 |
(13.5 -15.0) |
New Mexico |
14.8 |
(14.3 -15.3) |
Connecticut |
15.2 |
(14.0 -16.4) |
New York |
15.5 |
(14.9 -16.1) |
Delaware |
14.4 |
(13.8 -14.9) |
North Carolina |
14.8 |
(13.9 -15.7) |
District of Columbia |
16.0 |
(15.2 -16.8) |
North Dakota |
15.2 |
(14.4 -15.9) |
Florida |
14.9 |
(14.5 -15.2) |
Ohio |
15.3 |
(14.9 -15.6) |
Georgia |
14.7 |
(14.0 -15.4) |
Oklahoma |
14.8 |
(13.7 -15.9) |
Hawaii |
15.5 |
(14.1 -16.8) |
Oregon |
14.7 |
(13.3 -16.0) |
Idaho |
14.5 |
(13.9 -15.2) |
Pennsylvania |
14.7 |
(14.4 -15.1) |
Illinois |
15.2 |
(14.9 -15.6) |
Rhode Island |
14.2 |
(13.4 -15.0) |
Indiana |
15.0 |
(14.2 -15.9) |
South Carolina |
15.0 |
(14.0 -16.0) |
Iowa |
15.3 |
(14.6 -16.1) |
South Dakota |
15.3 |
(14.1 -16.5) |
Kansas |
15.4 |
(14.5 -16.3) |
Tennessee |
14.9 |
(14.4 -15.5) |
Kentucky |
14.2 |
(13.6 -14.8) |
Texas |
15.0 |
(14.7 -15.3) |
Louisiana |
15.0 |
(13.9 -16.1) |
Utah |
15.3 |
(14.2 -16.3) |
Maine |
15.1 |
(14.4 -15.8) |
Vermont |
14.9 |
(14.0 -15.9) |
Maryland |
14.7 |
(13.8 -15.7) |
Virginia |
14.8 |
(14.2 -15.5) |
Massachusetts |
14.6 |
(14.1 -15.1) |
Washington |
15.1 |
(13.9 -16.3) |
Michigan |
15.0 |
(14.5 -15.5) |
West Virginia |
15.1 |
(14.7 -15.6) |
Minnesota |
14.8 |
(14.1 -15.4) |
Wisconsin |
14.8 |
(14.3 -15.3) |
Mississippi |
14.6 |
(13.8 -15.4) |
Wyoming |
14.5 |
(13.9 -15.2) |
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 CAI.
10702
Table C.4 Average Scale Scores of Cigarette Dependence Among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by State: 1999
|
State |
Average Score |
95% C.I. |
State |
Average Score |
95% C.I. |
National |
0.56 |
(0.54 -0.58) |
Missouri |
0.59 |
(0.39 -0.78) |
Alabama |
0.58 |
(0.35 -0.80) |
Montana |
0.84 |
(0.65 -1.02) |
Alaska |
0.64 |
(0.45 -0.83) |
Nebraska |
0.53 |
(0.38 -0.68) |
Arizona |
0.60 |
(0.40 -0.81) |
Nevada |
0.63 |
(0.35 -0.92) |
Arkansas |
0.80 |
(0.56 -1.04) |
New Hampshire |
0.51 |
(0.33 -0.69) |
California |
0.36 |
(0.32 -0.41) |
New Jersey |
0.46 |
(0.34 -0.58) |
Colorado |
0.66 |
(0.44 -0.88) |
New Mexico |
0.65 |
(0.38 -0.91) |
Connecticut |
0.54 |
(0.33 -0.76) |
New York |
0.46 |
(0.34 -0.57) |
Delaware |
0.93 |
(0.64 -1.22) |
North Carolina |
0.71 |
(0.44 -0.98) |
District of Columbia |
0.31 |
(0.12 -0.51) |
North Dakota |
0.87 |
(0.75 -0.99) |
Florida |
0.39 |
(0.31 -0.47) |
Ohio |
0.65 |
(0.55 -0.75) |
Georgia |
0.64 |
(0.50 -0.78) |
Oklahoma |
0.68 |
(0.51 -0.85) |
Hawaii |
0.54 |
(0.30 -0.78) |
Oregon |
0.57 |
(0.35 -0.79) |
Idaho |
0.48 |
(0.31 -0.65) |
Pennsylvania |
0.63 |
(0.52 -0.74) |
Illinois |
0.62 |
(0.54 -0.69) |
Rhode Island |
0.52 |
(0.28 -0.75) |
Indiana |
0.58 |
(0.40 -0.77) |
South Carolina |
0.77 |
(0.54 -1.00) |
Iowa |
0.74 |
(0.53 -0.94) |
South Dakota |
0.65 |
(0.49 -0.82) |
Kansas |
0.54 |
(0.35 -0.72) |
Tennessee |
0.53 |
(0.41 -0.66) |
Kentucky |
0.82 |
(0.56 -1.07) |
Texas |
0.50 |
(0.44 -0.56) |
Louisiana |
0.71 |
(0.52 -0.90) |
Utah |
0.38 |
(0.23 -0.52) |
Maine |
0.65 |
(0.47 -0.83) |
Vermont |
0.58 |
(0.39 -0.78) |
Maryland |
0.65 |
(0.48 -0.82) |
Virginia |
0.50 |
(0.33 -0.68) |
Massachusetts |
0.74 |
(0.54 -0.94) |
Washington |
0.54 |
(0.36 -0.73) |
Michigan |
0.57 |
(0.48 -0.66) |
West Virginia |
0.91 |
(0.63 -1.19) |
Minnesota |
0.78 |
(0.48 -1.08) |
Wisconsin |
0.61 |
(0.48 -0.75) |
Mississippi |
0.79 |
(0.57 -1.01) |
Wyoming |
0.61 |
(0.48 -0.73) |
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: A respondent who answered "Yes" to three or more of the seven cigarette criteria for dependence listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) would be considered cigarette dependent. Respondents were assigned a score of 1 if they answered "no" to all seven questions, and a score of 8 if they answered "yes" to all the questions. A respondent who has not used cigarettes in the past year was assigned a score of zero.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 CAI.
10629
Table C.5 Average Age at First Marijuana Use Among Persons Reporting First Use of Marijuana at Age 25 or Younger in 1995 to 1997, by State: 1999
|
State |
Average Age |
95% C.I. |
State |
Average Age |
95% C.I. |
National |
16.2 |
(16.1 -16.4) |
Missouri |
16.2 |
(15.3 -17.0) |
Alabama |
16.6 |
(15.6 -17.6) |
Montana |
15.1 |
(14.5 -15.7) |
Alaska |
16.0 |
(14.8 -17.2) |
Nebraska |
16.1 |
(15.0 -17.1) |
Arizona |
15.3 |
(14.4 -16.2) |
Nevada |
15.1 |
(14.3 -15.8) |
Arkansas |
15.9 |
(15.4 -16.4) |
New Hampshire |
16.5 |
(14.7 -18.2) |
California |
16.1 |
(15.8 -16.4) |
New Jersey |
16.9 |
(16.0 -17.7) |
Colorado |
15.9 |
(15.2 -16.6) |
New Mexico |
15.9 |
(15.1 -16.7) |
Connecticut |
16.8 |
(15.1 -18.6) |
New York |
16.7 |
(16.1 -17.3) |
Delaware |
16.2 |
(15.2 -17.1) |
North Carolina |
16.1 |
(15.6 -16.7) |
District of Columbia |
16.4 |
(15.0 -17.8) |
North Dakota |
16.9 |
(16.0 -17.7) |
Florida |
16.1 |
(15.6 -16.6) |
Ohio |
16.6 |
(16.2 -17.0) |
Georgia |
15.8 |
(15.1 -16.6) |
Oklahoma |
15.9 |
(14.9 -16.8) |
Hawaii |
16.5 |
(14.7 -18.4) |
Oregon |
16.0 |
(14.8 -17.2) |
Idaho |
16.7 |
(15.8 -17.6) |
Pennsylvania |
16.6 |
(16.2 -16.9) |
Illinois |
15.7 |
(15.4 -16.0) |
Rhode Island |
16.3 |
(15.1 -17.5) |
Indiana |
16.3 |
(15.7 -17.0) |
South Carolina |
16.0 |
(15.1 -16.8) |
Iowa |
16.9 |
(16.2 -17.7) |
South Dakota |
16.8 |
(15.5 -18.1) |
Kansas |
15.7 |
(15.0 -16.5) |
Tennessee |
16.9 |
(15.3 -18.4) |
Kentucky |
16.5 |
(15.8 -17.2) |
Texas |
16.1 |
(15.8 -16.5) |
Louisiana |
16.0 |
(15.2 -16.9) |
Utah |
15.6 |
(15.0 -16.2) |
Maine |
17.1 |
(15.5 -18.7) |
Vermont |
16.7 |
(15.1 -18.2) |
Maryland |
16.0 |
(14.9 -17.1) |
Virginia |
16.5 |
(15.4 -17.6) |
Massachusetts |
16.2 |
(15.2 -17.2) |
Washington |
15.8 |
(15.3 -16.3) |
Michigan |
16.6 |
(16.0 -17.2) |
West Virginia |
16.3 |
(15.5 -17.1) |
Minnesota |
15.6 |
(15.0 -16.2) |
Wisconsin |
16.6 |
(15.4 -17.7) |
Mississippi |
16.8 |
(16.1 -17.5) |
Wyoming |
15.9 |
(15.2 -16.6) |
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 CAI.
10702
Table C.6 Average Scale Scores of Marijuana Dependence Among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by State: 1999
|
State |
Average Score |
95% C.I. |
State |
Average Score |
95% C.I. |
National |
0.30 |
(0.29 -0.32) |
Missouri |
0.23 |
(0.14 -0.32) |
Alabama |
0.20 |
(0.09 -0.30) |
Montana |
0.53 |
(0.34 -0.72) |
Alaska |
0.38 |
(0.28 -0.47) |
Nebraska |
0.12 |
(0.09 -0.16) |
Arizona |
0.37 |
(0.20 -0.54) |
Nevada |
0.41 |
(0.22 -0.60) |
Arkansas |
0.36 |
(0.20 -0.52) |
New Hampshire |
0.29 |
(0.18 -0.39) |
California |
0.36 |
(0.30 -0.42) |
New Jersey |
0.29 |
(0.19 -0.39) |
Colorado |
0.33 |
(0.21 -0.45) |
New Mexico |
0.51 |
(0.31 -0.70) |
Connecticut |
0.38 |
(0.17 -0.59) |
New York |
0.27 |
(0.19 -0.36) |
Delaware |
0.57 |
(0.39 -0.74) |
North Carolina |
0.32 |
(0.20 -0.43) |
District of Columbia |
0.32 |
(0.06 -0.58) |
North Dakota |
0.38 |
(0.20 -0.56) |
Florida |
0.21 |
(0.15 -0.28) |
Ohio |
0.24 |
(0.20 -0.29) |
Georgia |
0.25 |
(0.15 -0.34) |
Oklahoma |
0.23 |
(0.15 -0.31) |
Hawaii |
0.34 |
(0.21 -0.47) |
Oregon |
0.38 |
(0.24 -0.52) |
Idaho |
0.15 |
(0.08 -0.22) |
Pennsylvania |
0.26 |
(0.18 -0.34) |
Illinois |
0.32 |
(0.25 -0.39) |
Rhode Island |
0.36 |
(0.21 -0.51) |
Indiana |
0.24 |
(0.13 -0.35) |
South Carolina |
0.30 |
(0.16 -0.44) |
Iowa |
0.27 |
(0.10 -0.43) |
South Dakota |
0.28 |
(0.15 -0.41) |
Kansas |
0.24 |
(0.06 -0.41) |
Tennessee |
0.21 |
(0.12 -0.30) |
Kentucky |
0.29 |
(0.14 -0.43) |
Texas |
0.27 |
(0.22 -0.33) |
Louisiana |
0.35 |
(0.21 -0.50) |
Utah |
0.23 |
(0.15 -0.30) |
Maine |
0.29 |
(0.20 -0.38) |
Vermont |
0.46 |
(0.29 -0.63) |
Maryland |
0.32 |
(0.22 -0.42) |
Virginia |
0.24 |
(0.17 -0.31) |
Massachusetts |
0.50 |
(0.35 -0.65) |
Washington |
0.36 |
(0.21 -0.50) |
Michigan |
0.33 |
(0.26 -0.39) |
West Virginia |
0.34 |
(0.15 -0.53) |
Minnesota |
0.34 |
(0.15 -0.54) |
Wisconsin |
0.36 |
(0.24 -0.47) |
Mississippi |
0.33 |
(0.21 -0.44) |
Wyoming |
0.31 |
(0.17 -0.45) |
*Low precision; no estimate reported.
NOTE: A respondent who answered "Yes" to three or more of the seven marijuana criteria for dependence listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) would be considered marijuana dependent. Respondents were assigned a score of 1 if they answered "no" to all seven questions, and a score of 8 if they answered "yes" to all the questions. A respondent who has not used marijuana in the past year was assigned a score of zero.
Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 CAI.
10530
Table C.7 Average Scale Scores of Difficulty Obtaining Marijuana Among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by State: 1999
|
State |
Average Score |
95% C.I. |
State |
Average Score |
95% C.I. |
National |
3.41 |
(3.39 -3.44) |
Missouri |
3.49 |
(3.29 -3.68) |
Alabama |
3.33 |
(2.98 -3.68) |
Montana |
3.47 |
(3.25 -3.68) |
Alaska |
3.49 |
(3.30 -3.67) |
Nebraska |
3.17 |
(2.93 -3.40) |
Arizona |
3.49 |
(3.25 -3.72) |
Nevada |
3.67 |
(3.52 -3.82) |
Arkansas |
3.45 |
(3.28 -3.61) |
New Hampshire |
3.48 |
(3.23 -3.74) |
California |
3.34 |
(3.27 -3.41) |
New Jersey |
3.34 |
(3.21 -3.48) |
Colorado |
3.70 |
(3.53 -3.87) |
New Mexico |
3.59 |
(3.37 -3.81) |
Connecticut |
3.60 |
(3.45 -3.75) |
New York |
3.45 |
(3.31 -3.59) |
Delaware |
3.70 |
(3.45 -3.95) |
North Carolina |
3.28 |
(3.08 -3.47) |
District of Columbia |
3.18 |
(2.85 -3.50) |
North Dakota |
3.24 |
(3.01 -3.47) |
Florida |
3.21 |
(3.12 -3.31) |
Ohio |
3.46 |
(3.35 -3.57) |
Georgia |
3.42 |
(3.24 -3.60) |
Oklahoma |
3.35 |
(3.01 -3.69) |
Hawaii |
3.27 |
(3.12 -3.42) |
Oregon |
3.43 |
(3.15 -3.70) |
Idaho |
3.34 |
(3.18 -3.50) |
Pennsylvania |
3.39 |
(3.28 -3.49) |
Illinois |
3.57 |
(3.47 -3.68) |
Rhode Island |
3.42 |
(3.12 -3.72) |
Indiana |
3.59 |
(3.44 -3.73) |
South Carolina |
3.43 |
(3.28 -3.59) |
Iowa |
3.38 |
(3.24 -3.52) |
South Dakota |
3.09 |
(2.88 -3.31) |
Kansas |
3.29 |
(3.13 -3.46) |
Tennessee |
3.34 |
(3.07 -3.62) |
Kentucky |
3.65 |
(3.48 -3.81) |
Texas |
3.30 |
(3.20 -3.40) |
Louisiana |
3.44 |
(3.28 -3.61) |
Utah |
3.17 |
(3.00 -3.35) |
Maine |
3.41 |
(3.17 -3.64) |
Vermont |
3.54 |
(3.37 -3.70) |
Maryland |
3.55 |
(3.35 -3.75) |
Virginia |
3.36 |
(3.21 -3.52) |
