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Youth Substance  Use: State Estimates From the 1999 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse

Appendix B: Model-Based Estimates

This appendix includes tables of model-based estimates for the 50 states and the District of Columbia. They have been estimated using the hierarchical Bayes process as described in Appendix G.

The model-based estimates in the marijuana incidence table (Table B.7B) were generated by special calculations. Specifically, the prediction intervals for this incidence measure were based on posterior variances generated by the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) process for both of the component prevalence rates. Because the survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes algorithm estimates the small area prevalences for each binary drug use attribute separately, it provides no direct means to estimate the posterior correlation between the two prevalences. Moreover, because this correction is required to approximate the variance of the incidence rate, the simple Pearson correlation across States was used.

10829

Table B.1A Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) of Past Month Users of Alcohol, by Age Group and State: 1999

State

Total

AGE GROUP (Years)

12-17

18-25

26 or Older

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Total1

102,514

     

3,843

     

16,148

     

82,523

     

Alabama

1,255

(1,100

-

1,416)

52

(41

-

65)

246

(223

-

268)

957

(810

-

1,113)

Alaska

258

(239

-

277)

11

(9

-

13)

42

(38

-

45)

206

(187

-

223)

Arizona

1,829

(1,652

-

2,008)

73

(59

-

88)

273

(245

-

300)

1,484

(1,312

-

1,655)

Arkansas

725

(644

-

810)

38

(31

-

47)

134

(120

-

148)

553

(476

-

634)

California

12,102

(11,418

-

12,788)

450

(406

-

497)

1,806

(1,708

-

1,903)

9,846

(9,172

-

10,518)

Colorado

1,988

(1,822

-

2,150)

74

(60

-

90)

288

(264

-

311)

1,625

(1,465

-

1,777)

Connecticut

1,420

(1,280

-

1,560)

48

(37

-

60)

196

(176

-

215)

1,176

(1,042

-

1,307)

Delaware

309

(281

-

337)

11

(9

-

13)

44

(40

-

48)

254

(227

-

280)

District of Columbia

188

(169

-

207)

5

(3

-

6)

29

(26

-

32)

155

(136

-

173)

Florida

5,779

(5,425

-

6,134)

155

(133

-

180)

724

(681

-

766)

4,900

(4,553

-

5,247)

Georgia

2,685

(2,419

-

2,958)

102

(85

-

122)

433

(390

-

475)

2,150

(1,895

-

2,409)

Hawaii

431

(388

-

474)

16

(12

-

19)

61

(54

-

68)

355

(313

-

397)

Idaho

459

(415

-

503)

18

(15

-

23)

75

(67

-

83)

365

(323

-

408)

Illinois

4,849

(4,580

-

5,119)

179

(158

-

202)

772

(734

-

810)

3,897

(3,634

-

4,159)

Indiana

2,180

(1,974

-

2,389)

79

(64

-

97)

364

(331

-

396)

1,737

(1,539

-

1,937)

Iowa

1,276

(1,169

-

1,382)

51

(42

-

61)

221

(207

-

235)

1,003

(900

-

1,105)

Kansas

1,062

(971

-

1,154)

39

(30

-

48)

175

(160

-

189)

849

(761

-

936)

Kentucky

1,098

(962

-

1,240)

45

(35

-

57)

223

(202

-

244)

829

(701

-

966)

Louisiana

1,483

(1,327

-

1,641)

88

(72

-

106)

296

(272

-

320)

1,098

(951

-

1,249)

Maine

498

(456

-

541)

18

(15

-

22)

77

(71

-

83)

403

(363

-

443)

Maryland

2,086

(1,890

-

2,281)

55

(43

-

69)

265

(238

-

292)

1,765

(1,577

-

1,952)

Massachusetts

2,967

(2,710

-

3,221)

111

(91

-

133)

411

(378

-

443)

2,445

(2,196

-

2,684)

Michigan

3,701

(3,503

-

3,901)

133

(116

-

152)

606

(573

-

638)

2,962

(2,770

-

3,155)

Minnesota

2,171

(2,007

-

2,334)

87

(72

-

103)

368

(343

-

390)

1,716

(1,558

-

1,870)

Mississippi

701

(614

-

792)

43

(34

-

53)

147

(132

-

163)

510

(428

-

598)

Missouri

2,097

(1,900

-

2,296)

75

(60

-

91)

354

(323

-

383)

1,669

(1,481

-

1,857)

Montana

420

(388

-

452)

20

(17

-

24)

61

(55

-

66)

340

(309

-

370)

See notes at end of table. (continued)

10829

Table B.1A Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) of Past Month Users of Alcohol, by Age Group and State: 1999

State

Total

AGE GROUP (Years)

12-17

18-25

26 or Older

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Nebraska

727

(671

-

785)

27

(22

-

33)

133

(124

-

141)

567

(513

-

621)

Nevada

807

(734

-

880)

26

(21

-

32)

96

(86

-

107)

685

(613

-

754)

New Hampshire

558

(516

-

599)

20

(16

-

24)

80

(73

-

86)

458

(418

-

496)

New Jersey

3,422

(3,107

-

3,737)

108

(89

-

129)

467

(423

-

510)

2,847

(2,541

-

3,149)

New Mexico

727

(669

-

785)

34

(28

-

42)

122

(110

-

134)

571

(516

-

625)

New York

7,140

(6,683

-

7,598)

261

(226

-

300)

1,126

(1,065

-

1,184)

5,753

(5,310

-

6,195)

North Carolina

2,298

(2,052

-

2,552)

84

(68

-

102)

383

(345

-

422)

1,831

(1,593

-

2,078)

North Dakota

289

(267

-

310)

16

(13

-

18)

57

(53

-

60)

217

(196

-

237)

Ohio

4,216

(3,982

-

4,451)

151

(133

-

171)

690

(656

-

724)

3,374

(3,145

-

3,605)

Oklahoma

1,006

(888

-

1,128)

48

(39

-

59)

190

(172

-

209)

767

(656

-

884)

Oregon

1,433

(1,298

-

1,570)

46

(37

-

56)

212

(194

-

229)

1,176

(1,043

-

1,306)

Pennsylvania

4,876

(4,597

-

5,155)

155

(135

-

177)

700

(665

-

733)

4,021

(3,747

-

4,295)

Rhode Island

414

(377

-

451)

15

(12

-

18)

60

(55

-

65)

339

(304

-

373)

South Carolina

1,077

(953

-

1,207)

48

(38

-

59)

183

(163

-

203)

847

(729

-

971)

South Dakota

316

(291

-

341)

16

(13

-

19)

59

(55

-

63)

242

(218

-

266)

Tennessee

1,561

(1,374

-

1,756)

63

(50

-

79)

266

(235

-

297)

1,232

(1,053

-

1,421)

Texas

6,796

(6,414

-

7,183)

324

(290

-

360)

1,258

(1,193

-

1,322)

5,215

(4,846

-

5,587)

Utah

478

(416

-

544)

26

(20

-

32)

103

(92

-

116)

349

(291

-

411)

Vermont

274

(252

-

296)

10

(9

-

13)

41

(38

-

44)

223

(202

-

243)

Virginia

2,510

(2,268

-

2,754)

71

(56

-

88)

385

(347

-

422)

2,054

(1,820

-

2,290)

Washington

2,364

(2,135

-

2,593)

78

(63

-

95)

324

(293

-

355)

1,961

(1,739

-

2,180)

West Virginia

505

(445

-

568)

22

(17

-

28)

95

(85

-

105)

388

(331

-

449)

Wisconsin

2,497

(2,304

-

2,688)

105

(88

-

122)

387

(359

-

413)

2,006

(1,816

-

2,188)

Wyoming

211

(193

-

230)

11

(9

-

13)

39

(36

-

42)

161

(143

-

179)

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques.

1 This estimate is the weighted average of the hierarchical Bayes estimates across all states and the District of Columbia, and typically is not equal to the direct sample weighted estimate for the nation.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 CAI.

10829

Table B.1B Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Alcohol, by Age Group and State: 1999

State

Total

AGE GROUP (Years)

12-17

18-25

26 or Older

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Total1

46.4

     

16.6

     

56.7

     

48.7

     

Alabama

34.7

(30.4

-

39.1)

14.1

(11.1

-

17.6)

51.9

(47.1

-

56.5)

34.5

(29.2

-

40.1)

Alaska

53.4

(49.5

-

57.4)

17.2

(14.0

-

20.7)

60.2

(55.0

-

65.2)

58.5

(53.3

-

63.6)

Arizona

48.6

(43.9

-

53.3)

17.1

(13.9

-

20.6)

54.9

(49.4

-

60.3)

52.2

(46.1

-

58.2)

Arkansas

34.0

(30.2

-

38.0)

17.0

(13.7

-

20.7)

48.2

(43.3

-

53.2)

33.9

(29.2

-

38.9)

California

47.4

(44.7

-

50.1)

16.1

(14.5

-

17.7)

52.5

(49.7

-

55.4)

51.0

(47.6

-

54.5)

Colorado

59.5

(54.5

-

64.3)

20.8

(16.9

-

25.3)

66.1

(60.5

-

71.3)

63.7

(57.4

-

69.7)

Connecticut

52.8

(47.5

-

57.9)

19.0

(14.7

-

23.8)

64.7

(58.2

-

70.9)

55.0

(48.8

-

61.2)

Delaware

49.7

(45.2

-

54.2)

17.2

(13.7

-

21.1)

57.9

(52.5

-

63.1)

52.7

(47.1

-

58.2)

District of Columbia

44.3

(39.8

-

48.7)

11.2

(8.2

-

14.8)

52.4

(47.2

-

57.6)

47.2

(41.6

-

52.8)

Florida

46.3

(43.5

-

49.2)

13.4

(11.4

-

15.5)

54.3

(51.1

-

57.5)

49.1

(45.6

-

52.6)

Georgia

43.0

(38.8

-

47.4)

15.3

(12.7

-

18.3)

51.3

(46.3

-

56.3)

45.5

(40.1

-

50.9)

Hawaii

44.4

(40.0

-

48.9)

16.3

(12.9

-

20.2)

52.1

(46.0

-

58.1)

46.8

(41.3

-

52.4)

Idaho

43.5

(39.4

-

47.7)

14.2

(11.2

-

17.6)

46.8

(42.0

-

51.6)

47.7

(42.2

-

53.3)

Illinois

49.9

(47.1

-

52.6)

18.0

(15.9

-

20.2)

60.0

(57.0

-

63.0)

52.4

(48.8

-

55.9)

Indiana

44.4

(40.2

-

48.6)

15.5

(12.5

-

18.9)

55.4

(50.4

-

60.3)

46.4

(41.1

-

51.7)

Iowa

53.6

(49.1

-

58.0)

20.2

(16.6

-

24.1)

70.4

(65.8

-

74.7)

55.3

(49.6

-

60.9)

Kansas

49.7

(45.4

-

54.0)

16.0

(12.4

-

20.0)

61.1

(56.0

-

66.1)

52.8

(47.3

-

58.2)

Kentucky

33.6

(29.5

-

38.0)

13.7

(10.7

-

17.1)

51.4

(46.6

-

56.3)

33.2

(28.0

-

38.6)

Louisiana

41.8

(37.5

-

46.3)

20.9

(17.2

-

25.0)

57.8

(53.0

-

62.4)

42.1

(36.4

-

47.9)

Maine

47.8

(43.7

-

51.9)

17.6

(14.1

-

21.6)

63.6

(58.4

-

68.5)

49.3

(44.4

-

54.2)

Maryland

49.2

(44.6

-

53.8)

13.3

(10.5

-

16.6)

53.2

(47.7

-

58.6)

53.1

(47.4

-

58.7)

Massachusetts

58.3

(53.2

-

63.2)

22.5

(18.4

-

27.0)

69.2

(63.5

-

74.5)

61.0

(54.8

-

67.0)

Michigan

46.9

(44.4

-

49.4)

16.0

(13.9

-

18.2)

59.1

(55.9

-

62.3)

49.1

(45.9

-

52.3)

Minnesota

55.5

(51.3

-

59.6)

20.1

(16.7

-

23.8)

70.5

(65.8

-

74.8)

58.0

(52.6

-

63.2)

Mississippi

31.1

(27.3

-

35.2)

16.5

(13.2

-

20.3)

45.7

(41.0

-

50.5)

30.6

(25.7

-

35.9)

Missouri

46.6

(42.3

-

51.1)

15.7

(12.6

-

19.1)

60.6

(55.3

-

65.7)

48.6

(43.1

-

54.0)

Montana

55.1

(50.9

-

59.3)

23.6

(19.7

-

27.9)

61.8

(56.5

-

66.9)

58.6

(53.2

-

63.8)

See notes at end of table. (continued)

10829

Table B.1B Percentages Reporting Past Month Use of Alcohol, by Age Group and State: 1999

State

Total

AGE GROUP (Years)

12-17

18-25

26 or Older

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Nebraska

53.4

(49.2

-

57.5)

17.4

(13.9

-

21.5)

71.7

(67.0

-

76.1)

55.4

(50.1

-

60.6)

Nevada

54.2

(49.3

-

59.1)

18.4

(14.8

-

22.5)

55.2

(49.0

-

61.3)

58.5

(52.4

-

64.4)

New Hampshire

56.1

(51.9

-

60.2)

19.5

(15.9

-

23.6)

68.6

(62.9

-

73.9)

59.1

(54.0

-

64.1)

New Jersey

51.3

(46.6

-

56.0)

17.3

(14.3

-

20.8)

60.2

(54.5

-

65.8)

54.0

(48.2

-

59.7)

New Mexico

49.8

(45.8

-

53.7)

19.9

(16.2

-

24.0)

58.8

(53.0

-

64.5)

52.8

(47.8

-

57.8)

New York

48.4

(45.3

-

51.5)

17.9

(15.5

-

20.6)

62.3

(59.0

-

65.6)

50.0

(46.2

-

53.9)

North Carolina

36.7

(32.8

-

40.8)

13.2

(10.7

-

16.0)

50.2

(45.1

-

55.2)

37.7

(32.8

-

42.8)

North Dakota

54.3

(50.2

-

58.3)

24.7

(20.6

-

29.1)

75.4

(71.0

-

79.4)

55.0

(49.7

-

60.2)

Ohio

45.5

(43.0

-

48.1)

15.8

(13.9

-

17.9)

57.6

(54.7

-

60.4)

47.5

(44.2

-

50.7)

Oklahoma

36.9

(32.6

-

41.4)

15.7

(12.5

-

19.3)

52.7

(47.6

-

57.7)

37.4

(31.9

-

43.0)

Oregon

51.5

(46.6

-

56.4)

16.6

(13.4

-

20.3)

61.1

(56.0

-

66.1)

54.4

(48.3

-

60.4)

Pennsylvania

48.3

(45.6

-

51.1)

15.7

(13.7

-

17.9)

59.6

(56.7

-

62.5)

50.7

(47.2

-

54.1)

Rhode Island

50.6

(46.1

-

55.1)

18.0

(14.3

-

22.2)

65.1

(59.6

-

70.3)

52.6

(47.2

-

58.0)

South Carolina

34.8

(30.8

-

39.0)

14.8

(11.8

-

18.2)

47.7

(42.5

-

52.9)

35.5

(30.5

-

40.6)

South Dakota

51.7

(47.5

-

55.8)

21.2

(17.6

-

25.1)

68.6

(63.7

-

73.2)

53.4

(48.1

-

58.7)

Tennessee

34.0

(29.9

-

38.3)

13.8

(10.9

-

17.2)

45.2

(39.9

-

50.5)

34.8

(29.7

-

40.1)

Texas

43.0

(40.6

-

45.4)

17.4

(15.6

-

19.3)

54.4

(51.6

-

57.2)

44.8

(41.7

-

48.0)

Utah

28.6

(24.9

-

32.5)

10.3

(8.0

-

13.1)

32.8

(29.1

-

36.7)

31.4

(26.2

-

36.9)

Vermont

54.2

(49.8

-

58.5)

19.2

(15.6

-

23.1)

67.1

(61.5

-

72.3)

57.0

(51.6

-

62.2)

Virginia

45.0

(40.6

-

49.3)

12.8

(10.1

-

15.9)

56.4

(50.9

-

61.9)

47.3

(41.9

-

52.7)

Washington

50.2

(45.3

-

55.0)

16.1

(13.1

-

19.6)

54.9

(49.6

-

60.1)

54.0

(47.8

-

60.0)

West Virginia

32.5

(28.7

-

36.6)

15.5

(12.2

-

19.2)

47.8

(42.7

-

53.0)

32.1

(27.3

-

37.1)

Wisconsin

57.6

(53.1

-

61.9)

21.9

(18.5

-

25.6)

67.0

(62.2

-

71.6)

61.1

(55.3

-

66.6)

Wyoming

50.5

(46.1

-

55.0)

22.1

(18.5

-

26.1)

65.5

(60.3

-

70.4)

52.2

(46.3

-

58.0)

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques.

1 This estimate is the sum of the hierarchical Bayes estimates across all states and the District of Columbia, and typically is not equal to the direct sample weighted estimate for the nation.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 CAI.

10829

Table B.2A Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) of Past Month "Binge" Alcohol Users, by Age Group and State: 1999

State

Total

AGE GROUP (Years)

12-17

18-25

26 or Older

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Total1

44,600

     

2,348

     

10,753

     

31,498

     

Alabama

610

(509

-

721)

31

(23

-

41)

148

(127

-

170)

431

(340

-

534)

Alaska

107

(92

-

123)

7

(6

-

9)

28

(25

-

32)

71

(58

-

86)

Arizona

734

(610

-

871)

47

(36

-

60)

172

(148

-

198)

515

(403

-

643)

Arkansas

388

(332

-

448)

25

(19

-

31)

94

(82

-

107)

269

(218

-

326)

California

4,790

(4,315

-

5,293)

266

(233

-

302)

1,152

(1,060

-

1,246)

3,372

(2,919

-

3,862)

Colorado

764

(644

-

895)

44

(33

-

56)

185

(161

-

209)

536

(427

-

659)

Connecticut

551

(459

-

654)

30

(22

-

39)

130

(111

-

149)

392

(308

-

488)

Delaware

141

(120

-

164)

8

(6

-

10)

31

(28

-

36)

102

(83

-

124)

District of Columbia

74

(62

-

87)

3

(2

-

4)

17

(14

-

19)

54

(43

-

67)

Florida

2,241

(2,005

-

2,491)

92

(75

-

111)

445

(406

-

486)

1,704

(1,479

-

1,947)

Georgia

1,120

(939

-

1,319)

59

(46

-

74)

266

(226

-

309)

795

(631

-

981)

Hawaii

202

(168

-

238)

10

(7

-

13)

38

(32

-

45)

153

(122

-

188)

Idaho

202

(172

-

236)

12

(9

-

16)

49

(42

-

56)

141

(113

-

173)

Illinois

2,139

(1,947

-

2,341)

114

(98

-

132)

526

(489

-

564)

1,499

(1,316

-

1,696)

Indiana

965

(823

-

1,117)

54

(42

-

68)

247

(217

-

278)

664

(536

-

809)

Iowa

587

(511

-

667)

33

(26

-

42)

155

(139

-

171)

399

(331

-

473)

Kansas

463

(399

-

532)

24

(18

-

31)

122

(108

-

137)

316

(259

-

380)

Kentucky

599

(509

-

697)

31

(24

-

40)

165

(145

-

186)

403

(323

-

494)

Louisiana

766

(658

-

881)

48

(37

-

62)

201

(178

-

224)

516

(419

-

625)

Maine

205

(176

-

236)

10

(8

-

13)

50

(44

-

57)

144

(118

-

174)

Maryland

657

(542

-

786)

30

(21

-

40)

156

(131

-

182)

472

(368

-

592)

Massachusetts

1,221

(1,028

-

1,427)

68

(52

-

86)

295

(259

-

331)

858

(683

-

1,054)

Michigan

1,692

(1,543

-

1,849)

79

(67

-

93)

404

(373

-

436)

1,209

(1,068

-

1,360)

Minnesota

929

(809

-

1,057)

58

(46

-

72)

259

(233

-

284)

613

(503

-

734)

Mississippi

389

(329

-

456)

24

(18

-

32)

105

(91

-

119)

260

(206

-

322)

Missouri

1,024

(874

-

1,184)

49

(37

-

62)

251

(220

-

284)

724

(589

-

874)

Montana

174

(151

-

200)

13

(10

-

16)

43

(38

-

48)

118

(97

-

142)

See notes at end of table. (continued)

10829

Table B.2A Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) of Past Month "Binge" Alcohol Users, by Age Group and State: 1999

State

Total

AGE GROUP (Years)

12-17

18-25

26 or Older

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Nebraska

345

(302

-

393)

18

(14

-

23)

91

(81

-

101)

237

(197

-

280)

Nevada

334

(281

-

393)

19

(15

-

24)

60

(50

-

71)

255

(205

-

311)

New Hampshire

202

(173

-

234)

11

(9

-

14)

52

(44

-

59)

139

(113

-

169)

New Jersey

1,301

(1,092

-

1,532)

60

(45

-

77)

292

(252

-

335)

949

(756

-

1,168)

New Mexico

322

(279

-

367)

20

(16

-

26)

81

(70

-

93)

220

(182

-

262)

New York

3,084

(2,768

-

3,419)

144

(119

-

173)

727

(671

-

784)

2,213

(1,913

-

2,537)

North Carolina

1,022

(859

-

1,201)

53

(41

-

66)

236

(203

-

272)

733

(584

-

903)

North Dakota

150

(131

-

170)

10

(8

-

13)

41

(37

-

45)

99

(81

-

117)

Ohio

2,054

(1,876

-

2,239)

96

(80

-

113)

483

(448

-

517)

1,475

(1,306

-

1,655)

Oklahoma

507

(429

-

593)

32

(25

-

41)

135

(117

-

153)

340

(270

-

420)

Oregon

534

(445

-

632)

27

(20

-

35)

126

(109

-

144)

381

(300

-

473)

Pennsylvania

2,158

(1,962

-

2,365)

99

(83

-

117)

486

(450

-

521)

1,574

(1,385

-

1,776)

Rhode Island

173

(147

-

200)

9

(7

-

12)

42

(36

-

47)

122

(99

-

148)

South Carolina

534

(448

-

629)

27

(21

-

35)

125

(107

-

144)

382

(304

-

471)

South Dakota

153

(134

-

173)

11

(9

-

13)

42

(37

-

46)

100

(83

-

119)

Tennessee

791

(667

-

927)

37

(28

-

48)

196

(167

-

226)

559

(447

-

686)

Texas

3,420

(3,130

-

3,723)

202

(176

-

231)

843

(784

-

904)

2,374

(2,101

-

2,666)

Utah

259

(216

-

307)

18

(13

-

24)

77

(66

-

89)

165

(127

-

209)

Vermont

107

(92

-

124)

6

(4

-

7)

29

(25

-

32)

73

(59

-

88)

Virginia

1,034

(875

-

1,208)

41

(30

-

54)

265

(228

-

303)

728

(586

-

889)

Washington

887

(742

-

1,048)

50

(38

-

63)

217

(189

-

247)

620

(486

-

774)

West Virginia

274

(234

-

316)

15

(12

-

20)

72

(62

-

81)

187

(151

-

226)

Wisconsin

1,113

(967

-

1,268)

67

(54

-

82)

271

(242

-

301)

775

(641

-

922)

Wyoming

105

(91

-

121)

8

(6

-

10)

31

(27

-

34)

67

(54

-

82)

NOTE: "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques.

1 This estimate is the weighted average of the hierarchical Bayes estimates across all states and the District of Columbia, and typically is not equal to the direct sample weighted estimate for the nation.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 CAI.

10829

Table B.2B Percentages Reporting Past Month "Binge" Alcohol Use, by Age Group and State: 1999

State

Total

AGE GROUP (Years)

12-17

18-25

26 or Older

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Total1

20.2

     

10.1

     

37.8

     

18.6

     

Alabama

16.8

(14.1

-

19.9)

8.5

(6.3

-

11.2)

31.1

(26.8

-

35.8)

15.5

(12.3

-

19.3)

Alaska

22.1

(19.1

-

25.3)

11.7

(9.2

-

14.7)

40.3

(35.4

-

45.5)

20.3

(16.6

-

24.5)

Arizona

19.5

(16.2

-

23.1)

11.1

(8.5

-

14.2)

34.6

(29.7

-

39.8)

18.1

(14.2

-

22.6)

Arkansas

18.2

(15.6

-

21.0)

11.0

(8.4

-

14.0)

34.0

(29.6

-

38.5)

16.5

(13.4

-

20.0)

California

18.8

(16.9

-

20.7)

9.5

(8.3

-

10.8)

33.5

(30.8

-

36.2)

17.5

(15.1

-

20.0)

Colorado

22.9

(19.3

-

26.8)

12.3

(9.3

-

15.8)

42.3

(36.9

-

47.9)

21.0

(16.7

-

25.8)

Connecticut

20.5

(17.1

-

24.3)

11.7

(8.8

-

15.2)

42.8

(36.6

-

49.2)

18.3

(14.4

-

22.8)

Delaware

22.7

(19.3

-

26.4)

12.0

(9.1

-

15.4)

41.3

(36.2

-

46.6)

21.2

(17.1

-

25.8)

District of Columbia

17.4

(14.6

-

20.5)

6.8

(4.7

-

9.5)

30.4

(25.9

-

35.2)

16.5

(13.2

-

20.3)

Florida

18.0

(16.1

-

20.0)

7.9

(6.5

-

9.6)

33.4

(30.5

-

36.4)

17.1

(14.8

-

19.5)

Georgia

17.9

(15.0

-

21.1)

8.9

(6.9

-

11.1)

31.6

(26.8

-

36.6)

16.8

(13.3

-

20.7)

Hawaii

20.8

(17.3

-

24.6)

10.3

(7.7

-

13.4)

33.0

(27.6

-

38.8)

20.2

(16.1

-

24.9)

Idaho

19.2

(16.3

-

22.4)

9.5

(7.2

-

12.3)

30.5

(26.1

-

35.1)

18.4

(14.8

-

22.6)

Illinois

22.0

(20.0

-

24.1)

11.4

(9.8

-

13.2)

40.9

(38.0

-

43.8)

20.1

(17.7

-

22.8)

Indiana

19.6

(16.8

-

22.7)

10.5

(8.2

-

13.3)

37.6

(33.0

-

42.3)

17.8

(14.3

-

21.6)

Iowa

24.6

(21.5

-

28.0)

13.1

(10.2

-

16.5)

49.4

(44.3

-

54.5)

22.0

(18.2

-

26.1)

Kansas

21.7

(18.7

-

24.9)

9.9

(7.6

-

12.8)

42.9

(37.8

-

48.1)

19.7

(16.1

-

23.6)

Kentucky

18.3

(15.6

-

21.3)

9.5

(7.2

-

12.1)

38.0

(33.4

-

42.7)

16.1

(12.9

-

19.7)

Louisiana

21.6

(18.6

-

24.9)

11.5

(8.8

-

14.6)

39.1

(34.7

-

43.7)

19.8

(16.1

-

24.0)

Maine

19.6

(16.9

-

22.6)

10.0

(7.4

-

13.0)

41.3

(36.0

-

46.8)

17.7

(14.5

-

21.3)

Maryland

15.5

(12.8

-

18.6)

7.1

(5.2

-

9.5)

31.3

(26.3

-

36.6)

14.2

(11.1

-

17.8)

Massachusetts

23.9

(20.2

-

28.0)

13.7

(10.6

-

17.4)

49.7

(43.6

-

55.7)

21.4

(17.0

-

26.3)

Michigan

21.4

(19.5

-

23.4)

9.5

(8.0

-

11.2)

39.4

(36.4

-

42.5)

20.0

(17.7

-

22.5)

Minnesota

23.7

(20.7

-

27.0)

13.4

(10.6

-

16.6)

49.5

(44.6

-

54.5)

20.7

(17.0

-

24.8)

Mississippi

17.3

(14.6

-

20.3)

9.3

(7.0

-

12.1)

32.5

(28.2

-

36.9)

15.6

(12.4

-

19.3)

Missouri

22.8

(19.4

-

26.3)

10.2

(7.8

-

13.0)

43.1

(37.7

-

48.6)

21.1

(17.1

-

25.4)

Montana

22.8

(19.8

-

26.2)

15.1

(12.1

-

18.5)

44.0

(39.2

-

48.9)

20.4

(16.7

-

24.6)

See notes at end of table. (continued)

10829

Table B.2B Percentages Reporting Past Month "Binge" Alcohol Use, by Age Group and State: 1999

State

Total

AGE GROUP (Years)

12-17

18-25

26 or Older

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Nebraska

25.4

(22.2

-

28.8)

11.4

(8.7

-

14.6)

49.0

(43.7

-

54.3)

23.1

(19.3

-

27.3)

Nevada

22.4

(18.8

-

26.4)

13.3

(10.2

-

16.8)

34.5

(28.8

-

40.5)

21.8

(17.5

-

26.5)

New Hampshire

20.3

(17.4

-

23.5)

11.0

(8.4

-

14.0)

44.3

(38.2

-

50.5)

18.0

(14.6

-

21.8)

New Jersey

19.5

(16.4

-

23.0)

9.7

(7.3

-

12.5)

37.6

(32.4

-

43.1)

18.0

(14.3

-

22.1)

New Mexico

22.0

(19.1

-

25.2)

11.8

(9.0

-

15.1)

39.2

(33.6

-

45.0)

20.4

(16.8

-

24.3)

New York

20.9

(18.7

-

23.2)

9.9

(8.2

-

11.9)

40.2

(37.1

-

43.4)

19.2

(16.6

-

22.1)

North Carolina

16.3

(13.7

-

19.2)

8.3

(6.5

-

10.4)

30.9

(26.5

-

35.6)

15.1

(12.0

-

18.6)

North Dakota

28.1

(24.6

-

31.9)

16.5

(13.1

-

20.5)

54.3

(49.3

-

59.3)

25.0

(20.7

-

29.8)

Ohio

22.2

(20.3

-

24.2)

10.0

(8.4

-

11.8)

40.3

(37.4

-

43.2)

20.8

(18.4

-

23.3)

Oklahoma

18.6

(15.8

-

21.8)

10.5

(8.1

-

13.4)

37.3

(32.4

-

42.3)

16.6

(13.2

-

20.4)

Oregon

19.2

(16.0

-

22.7)

9.7

(7.3

-

12.5)

36.4

(31.3

-

41.7)

17.6

(13.9

-

21.9)

Pennsylvania

21.4

(19.4

-

23.4)

10.1

(8.4

-

11.9)

41.4

(38.4

-

44.4)

19.8

(17.5

-

22.4)

Rhode Island

21.1

(17.9

-

24.5)

10.9

(8.2

-

14.2)

44.9

(39.1

-

50.7)

19.0

(15.3

-

23.1)

South Carolina

17.3

(14.5

-

20.3)

8.5

(6.5

-

10.8)

32.5

(27.8

-

37.6)

16.0

(12.7

-

19.7)

South Dakota

25.0

(21.9

-

28.2)

14.7

(11.7

-

18.2)

48.8

(43.6

-

54.1)

22.1

(18.4

-

26.2)

Tennessee

17.2

(14.5

-

20.2)

8.0

(6.0

-

10.5)

33.3

(28.4

-

38.4)

15.8

(12.6

-

19.3)

Texas

21.6

(19.8

-

23.6)

10.9

(9.5

-

12.4)

36.5

(33.9

-

39.1)

20.4

(18.1

-

22.9)

Utah

15.5

(12.9

-

18.3)

7.1

(5.1

-

9.6)

24.4

(20.9

-

28.3)

14.8

(11.4

-

18.7)

Vermont

21.2

(18.2

-

24.5)

10.3

(7.9

-

13.2)

47.1

(41.5

-

52.8)

18.6

(15.1

-

22.6)

Virginia

18.5

(15.7

-

21.6)

7.4

(5.5

-

9.7)

38.8

(33.4

-

44.5)

16.8

(13.5

-

20.5)

Washington

18.8

(15.7

-

22.2)

10.2

(7.9

-

12.9)

36.8

(32.0

-

41.8)

17.1

(13.4

-

21.3)

West Virginia

17.6

(15.1

-

20.3)

10.7

(8.2

-

13.7)

36.1

(31.4

-

41.1)

15.4

(12.5

-

18.7)

Wisconsin

25.6

(22.3

-

29.2)

14.0

(11.2

-

17.1)

47.0

(41.9

-

52.2)

23.6

(19.5

-

28.1)

Wyoming

25.2

(21.8

-

28.9)

15.8

(12.6

-

19.4)

50.7

(45.5

-

55.9)

21.7

(17.4

-

26.5)

NOTE: "Binge" Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. By "occasion" is meant at the same time or within a couple hours of each other.

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques.

1 This estimate is the sum of the hierarchical Bayes estimates across all states and the District of Columbia, and typically is not equal to the direct sample weighted estimate for the nation.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 CAI.

10829

Table B.3A Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) Reporting Perceptions of Great Risk of Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week, by Age Group and State: 1999

State

Total

AGE GROUP (Years)

12-17

18-25

26 or Older

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Total1

100,059

     

9,740

     

10,529

     

79,790

     

Alabama

1,694

(1,519

-

1,872)

165

(146

-

184)

184

(162

-

206)

1,345

(1,175

-

1,517)

Alaska

215

(195

-

236)

23

(21

-

26)

26

(23

-

30)

166

(146

-

185)

Arizona

1,825

(1,644

-

2,007)

181

(161

-

202)

196

(170

-

223)

1,448

(1,271

-

1,624)

Arkansas

1,035

(947

-

1,124)

96

(85

-

107)

103

(92

-

116)

835

(749

-

921)

California

12,053

(11,351

-

12,757)

1,173

(1,113

-

1,234)

1,508

(1,407

-

1,610)

9,372

(8,682

-

10,064)

Colorado

1,484

(1,325

-

1,646)

135

(118

-

153)

133

(112

-

155)

1,215

(1,059

-

1,373)

Connecticut

1,174

(1,037

-

1,313)

101

(88

-

115)

104

(86

-

123)

969

(837

-

1,103)

Delaware

279

(251

-

308)

27

(24

-

30)

27

(24

-

31)

225

(197

-

253)

District of Columbia

236

(218

-

254)

21

(18

-

23)

28

(26

-

31)

187

(170

-

204)

Florida

6,007

(5,663

-

6,352)

551

(517

-

586)

563

(523

-

604)

4,892

(4,553

-

5,232)

Georgia

2,999

(2,720

-

3,280)

317

(290

-

344)

331

(292

-

371)

2,351

(2,083

-

2,619)

Hawaii

451

(406

-

498)

40

(35

-

44)

46

(40

-

53)

366

(321

-

411)

Idaho

454

(412

-

496)

52

(46

-

58)

58

(51

-

65)

344

(304

-

385)

Illinois

4,300

(4,035

-

4,569)

420

(393

-

448)

465

(428

-

503)

3,415

(3,154

-

3,678)

Indiana

1,966

(1,755

-

2,183)

201

(179

-

223)

229

(200

-

260)

1,536

(1,331

-

1,747)

Iowa

848

(748

-

953)

95

(84

-

107)

79

(67

-

92)

674

(578

-

775)

Kansas

881

(785

-

979)

93

(81

-

104)

96

(83

-

109)

693

(600

-

788)

Kentucky

1,623

(1,468

-

1,780)

147

(132

-

163)

148

(129

-

167)

1,329

(1,177

-

1,479)

Louisiana

1,770

(1,622

-

1,918)

184

(165

-

203)

192

(170

-

214)

1,394

(1,250

-

1,536)

Maine

427

(387

-

470)

38

(33

-

43)

30

(25

-

35)

360

(320

-

400)

Maryland

2,154

(1,956

-

2,352)

198

(177

-

220)

208

(184

-

233)

1,748

(1,555

-

1,940)

Massachusetts

2,128

(1,879

-

2,387)

179

(154

-

204)

166

(138

-

196)

1,784

(1,538

-

2,034)

Michigan

3,340

(3,134

-

3,550)

327

(304

-

350)

354

(322

-

386)

2,660

(2,459

-

2,863)

Minnesota

1,526

(1,365

-

1,692)

151

(132

-

170)

159

(136

-

183)

1,216

(1,060

-

1,377)

Mississippi

1,100

(1,003

-

1,197)

126

(114

-

138)

134

(119

-

149)

840

(746

-

934)

Missouri

1,869

(1,662

-

2,082)

196

(175

-

218)

165

(139

-

193)

1,508

(1,307

-

1,713)

Montana

302

(271

-

333)

29

(26

-

33)

29

(25

-

34)

243

(214

-

274)

See notes at end of table. (continued)

10829

Table B.3A Estimated Numbers (in Thousands) Reporting Perceptions of Great Risk of Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week, by Age Group and State: 1999

State

Total

AGE GROUP (Years)

12-17

18-25

26 or Older

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Nebraska

538

(483

-

594)

61

(54

-

69)

50

(43

-

59)

426

(374

-

480)

Nevada

646

(570

-

722)

57

(50

-

64)

70

(60

-

81)

518

(446

-

593)

New Hampshire

394

(355

-

435)

42

(37

-

47)

33

(27

-

39)

319

(282

-

358)

New Jersey

2,847

(2,540

-

3,161)

260

(232

-

288)

302

(260

-

345)

2,286

(1,985

-

2,594)

New Mexico

690

(631

-

750)

70

(62

-

78)

84

(73

-

96)

536

(479

-

592)

New York

6,670

(6,219

-

7,125)

611

(565

-

658)

654

(595

-

716)

5,404

(4,960

-

5,851)

North Carolina

2,918

(2,643

-

3,197)

304

(278

-

330)

288

(254

-

324)

2,326

(2,058

-

2,597)

North Dakota

192

(171

-

215)

23

(20

-

25)

20

(17

-

23)

150

(130

-

171)

Ohio

3,856

(3,619

-

4,095)

403

(376

-

431)

391

(357

-

425)

3,062

(2,830

-

3,297)

Oklahoma

1,358

(1,227

-

1,488)

138

(123

-

153)

142

(125

-

159)

1,078

(951

-

1,204)

Oregon

1,258

(1,123

-

1,395)

102

(90

-

115)

112

(96

-

130)

1,043

(910

-

1,176)

Pennsylvania

3,931

(3,655

-

4,211)

384

(355

-

413)

350

(317

-

383)

3,197

(2,928

-

3,472)

Rhode Island

367

(330

-

405)

35

(31

-

40)

33

(28

-

38)

299

(264

-

335)

South Carolina

1,592

(1,446

-

1,737)

159

(144

-

174)

149

(130

-

168)

1,284

(1,142

-

1,424)

South Dakota

234

(209

-

260)

26

(23

-

30)

23

(20

-

27)

184

(160

-

209)

Tennessee

2,336

(2,130

-

2,542)

208

(186

-

230)

226

(197

-

256)

1,902

(1,703

-

2,099)

Texas

7,856

(7,478

-

8,234)

782

(738

-

826)

980

(918

-

1,044)

6,094

(5,727

-

6,459)

Utah

884

(817

-

951)

127

(116

-

139)

147

(134

-

160)

610

(547

-

672)

Vermont

199

(177

-

221)

18

(16

-

21)

15

(12

-

18)

165

(144

-

187)

Virginia

2,504

(2,244

-

2,768)

257

(232

-

282)

253

(219

-

289)

1,994

(1,743

-

2,249)

Washington

2,176

(1,942

-

2,414)

167

(146

-

189)

198

(171

-

226)

1,811

(1,580

-

2,043)

West Virginia

691

(627

-

756)

52

(45

-

59)

71

(62

-

80)

568

(506

-

631)

Wisconsin

1,628

(1,459

-

1,803)

170

(151

-

189)

161

(138

-

186)

1,297

(1,133

-

1,467)

Wyoming

158

(141

-

175)

18

(15

-

20)

17

(14

-

20)

124

(107

-

140)

NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques.

1 This estimate is the weighted average of the hierarchical Bayes estimates across all states and the District of Columbia, and typically is not equal to the direct sample weighted estimate for the nation.

Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, 1999 CAI.

10829

Table B.3B Percentages Reporting Perceptions of Great Risk of Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week, by Age Group and State: 1999

State

Total

AGE GROUP (Years)

12-17

18-25

26 or Older

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Total1

45.3

     

42.0

     

37.0

     

47.1

     

Alabama

46.8

(42.0

-

51.7)

44.6

(39.4

-

49.9)

38.8

(34.3

-

43.4)

48.5

(42.3

-

54.6)

Alaska

44.5

(40.3

-

48.8)

37.8

(33.3

-

42.4)

37.6

(32.5

-

42.9)

47.1

(41.5

-

52.7)

Arizona

48.5

(43.7

-

53.3)

42.6

(37.8

-

47.5)

39.5

(34.3

-

44.9)

50.9

(44.7

-

57.1)

Arkansas

48.5

(44.4

-

52.7)

42.7

(37.9

-

47.6)

37.2

(33.0

-

41.6)

51.2

(45.9

-

56.5)

California

47.2

(44.5

-

50.0)

41.8

(39.7

-

44.0)

43.9

(40.9

-

46.8)

48.6

(45.0

-

52.2)

Colorado

44.4

(39.6

-

49.3)

38.1

(33.3

-

43.0)

30.5

(25.7

-

35.6)

47.6

(41.5

-

53.8)

Connecticut

43.6

(38.5

-

48.7)

39.9

(34.5

-

45.4)

34.2

(28.2

-

40.6)

45.3

(39.2

-

51.6)

Delaware

44.9

(40.3

-

49.5)

42.3

(37.5

-

47.2)

35.6

(30.9

-

40.5)

46.7

(41.0

-

52.5)

District of Columbia

55.6

(51.3

-

59.7)

49.0

(43.3

-

54.8)

51.2

(46.3

-

56.1)

57.1

(51.8

-

62.3)

Florida

48.1

(45.4

-

50.9)

47.5

(44.6

-

50.5)

42.3

(39.2

-

45.3)

49.0

(45.6

-

52.4)

Georgia

48.0

(43.6

-

52.5)

47.4

(43.4

-

51.5)

39.2

(34.6

-

44.0)

49.7

(44.0

-

55.4)

Hawaii

46.6

(41.8

-

51.4)

41.6

(36.8

-

46.6)

39.4

(34.0

-

45.0)

48.3

(42.4

-

54.3)

Idaho

43.0

(39.0

-

47.0)

40.1

(35.4

-

44.9)

36.2

(31.8

-

40.6)

44.9

(39.7

-

50.3)

Illinois

44.2

(41.5

-

47.0)

42.1

(39.3

-

44.9)

36.1

(33.3

-

39.1)

45.9

(42.4

-

49.4)

Indiana

40.0

(35.7

-

44.4)

39.3

(35.1

-

43.6)

34.9

(30.4

-

39.6)

41.0

(35.5

-

46.7)

Iowa

35.6

(31.4

-

40.0)

37.7

(33.1

-

42.5)

25.1

(21.2

-

29.3)

37.2

(31.9

-

42.7)

Kansas

41.2

(36.8

-

45.8)

38.3

(33.7

-

43.1)

33.5

(29.0

-

38.3)

43.0

(37.3

-

48.9)

Kentucky

49.7

(45.0

-

54.5)

44.5

(39.8

-

49.3)

34.0

(29.6

-

38.5)

53.2

(47.1

-

59.2)

Louisiana

50.0

(45.8

-

54.1)

43.7

(39.2

-

48.2)

37.4

(33.2

-

41.6)

53.4

(47.9

-

58.9)

Maine

41.0

(37.1

-

45.1)

36.9

(32.1

-

41.8)

24.4

(20.3

-

28.9)

44.0

(39.1

-

49.0)

Maryland

50.8

(46.1

-

55.5)

47.6

(42.4

-

52.8)

41.8

(36.9

-

46.8)

52.6

(46.8

-

58.3)

Massachusetts

41.8

(36.9

-

46.9)

36.2

(31.3

-

41.4)

27.9

(23.1

-

33.0)

44.5

(38.4

-

50.8)

Michigan

42.3

(39.7

-

45.0)

39.3

(36.5

-

42.1)

34.5

(31.4

-

37.7)

44.1

(40.7

-

47.4)

Minnesota

39.0

(34.9

-

43.2)

34.8

(30.5

-

39.2)

30.5

(26.1

-

35.2)

41.1

(35.8

-

46.5)

Mississippi

48.9

(44.6

-

53.2)

48.4

(43.7

-

53.2)

41.4

(36.8

-

46.1)

50.4

(44.8

-

56.0)

Missouri

41.6

(37.0

-

46.3)

41.2

(36.7

-

45.8)

28.3

(23.9

-

33.1)

43.9

(38.0

-

49.8)

Montana

39.6

(35.6

-

43.7)

34.6

(30.4

-

39.1)

29.6

(25.2

-

34.3)

42.0

(36.9

-

47.2)

See notes at end of table. (continued)

10829

Table B.3B Percentages Reporting Perceptions of Great Risk of Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week, by Age Group and State: 1999

State

Total

AGE GROUP (Years)

12-17

18-25

26 or Older

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Estimate

Prediction Interval

Nebraska

39.4

(35.4

-

43.5)

39.4

(34.7

-

44.3)

27.2

(23.0

-

31.7)

41.6

(36.5

-

46.9)

Nevada

43.4

(38.3

-

48.5)

39.8

(35.1

-

44.6)

40.2

(34.5

-

46.1)

44.3

(38.1

-

50.6)

New Hampshire

39.7

(35.7

-

43.7)

40.2

(35.3

-

45.1)

28.5

(23.5

-

33.8)

41.3

(36.4

-

46.3)

New Jersey

42.7

(38.1

-

47.4)

41.8

(37.4

-

46.4)

38.9

(33.4

-

44.5)

43.3

(37.6

-

49.2)

New Mexico

47.3

(43.2

-

51.4)

40.6

(35.9

-

45.4)

40.8

(35.3

-

46.4)

49.6

(44.4

-

54.8)

New York

45.2

(42.1

-

48.3)

41.9

(38.8

-

45.2)

36.2

(32.9

-

39.6)

47.0

(43.1

-

50.9)

North Carolina

46.6

(42.2

-

51.1)

47.7

(43.6

-

51.7)

37.8

(33.3

-

42.4)

47.9

(42.3

-

53.4)

North Dakota

36.2

(32.2

-

40.3)

36.0

(31.7

-

40.4)

26.3

(22.3

-

30.6)

38.1

(32.9

-

43.5)

Ohio

41.6

(39.1

-

44.2)

42.2

(39.3

-

45.1)

32.6

(29.8

-

35.5)

43.1

(39.8

-

46.4)

Oklahoma

49.9

(45.1

-

54.6)

44.7

(39.8

-

49.8)

39.3

(34.7

-

44.1)

52.5

(46.3

-

58.6)

Oregon

45.2

(40.3

-

50.1)

37.0

(32.7

-

41.6)

32.4

(27.6

-

37.5)

48.3

(42.1

-

54.4)

Pennsylvania

39.0

(36.2

-

41.7)

39.0

(36.1

-

42.0)

29.8

(27.1

-

32.6)

40.3