90309

Table 1. Illicit Drug Use in Past Month among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically; these estimates are based on data from original questions, excluding those on the use of over-the-counter drugs or new methamphetamine items that were added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.6 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	8.00		7.97		0.835
Northeast	8.64b	(8.13 - 9.18)	8.18	(7.67 - 8.72)	0.051
Midwest	7.54	(7.15 - 7.96)	7.68	(7.27 - 8.10)	0.476
South	7.35	(6.98 - 7.74)	7.29	(6.90 - 7.70)	0.702
West	8.95	(8.40 - 9.53)	9.16	(8.57 - 9.78)	0.406
Alabama	6.98	(5.82 - 8.33)	6.78	(5.59 - 8.21)	0.659
Alaska	11.10	(9.36 - 13.11)	10.76	(9.05 - 12.76)	0.677
Arizona	7.74a	(6.42 - 9.30)	8.96	(7.54 - 10.61)	0.018
Arkansas	7.92	(6.61 - 9.46)	8.38	(7.04 - 9.95)	0.406
California	9.01	(8.18 - 9.92)	9.00	(8.16 - 9.91)	0.963
Colorado	9.96	(8.48 - 11.66)	10.89	(9.26 - 12.76)	0.179
Connecticut	9.05a	(7.57 - 10.79)	7.72	(6.53 - 9.10)	0.011
Delaware	7.81	(6.59 - 9.25)	8.41	(7.01 - 10.06)	0.254
District of Columbia	11.06	(9.42 - 12.95)	12.22	(10.50 - 14.17)	0.126
Florida	7.92	(7.14 - 8.78)	7.46	(6.71 - 8.30)	0.218
Georgia	7.69	(6.32 - 9.32)	7.40	(6.14 - 8.90)	0.525
Hawaii	7.75	(6.21 - 9.62)	7.19	(5.84 - 8.83)	0.419
Idaho	7.01	(5.80 - 8.45)	7.22	(6.01 - 8.65)	0.653
Illinois	7.05	(6.34 - 7.84)	7.13	(6.42 - 7.91)	0.815
Indiana	7.89	(6.69 - 9.28)	8.18	(6.94 - 9.61)	0.546
Iowa	5.93a	(4.83 - 7.24)	4.89	(3.95 - 6.04)	0.005
Kansas	7.76	(6.44 - 9.31)	7.13	(5.85 - 8.66)	0.195
Kentucky	6.65a	(5.51 - 7.99)	7.82	(6.60 - 9.24)	0.018
Louisiana	8.25	(6.91 - 9.83)	7.98	(6.69 - 9.49)	0.579
Maine	9.63	(8.14 - 11.34)	9.33	(7.97 - 10.89)	0.632
Maryland	6.00b	(4.90 - 7.33)	6.83	(5.69 - 8.17)	0.083
Massachusetts	9.80	(8.36 - 11.46)	9.61	(8.17 - 11.28)	0.723
Michigan	8.56	(7.80 - 9.40)	8.95	(8.14 - 9.85)	0.251
Minnesota	7.91	(6.58 - 9.48)	8.17	(6.91 - 9.63)	0.619
Mississippi	7.35	(6.06 - 8.89)	7.04	(5.78 - 8.55)	0.560
Missouri	7.78	(6.48 - 9.30)	7.82	(6.58 - 9.26)	0.934
Montana	10.34	(8.74 - 12.19)	10.07	(8.62 - 11.74)	0.693
Nebraska	6.83	(5.69 - 8.19)	6.59	(5.44 - 7.96)	0.559
Nevada	9.27	(7.75 - 11.06)	8.87	(7.27 - 10.78)	0.518
New Hampshire	8.65b	(7.32 - 10.20)	9.71	(8.29 - 11.35)	0.077
New Jersey	7.24a	(5.99 - 8.72)	6.27	(5.15 - 7.63)	0.047
New Mexico	7.94a	(6.55 - 9.59)	9.24	(7.68 - 11.08)	0.028
New York	9.27	(8.38 - 10.24)	9.00	(8.11 - 9.99)	0.505
North Carolina	7.38	(6.15 - 8.83)	6.92	(5.78 - 8.27)	0.301
North Dakota	5.55	(4.37 - 7.02)	6.07	(4.98 - 7.37)	0.283
Ohio	7.70	(6.95 - 8.52)	7.63	(6.91 - 8.42)	0.824
Oklahoma	8.23	(6.69 - 10.08)	8.30	(6.83 - 10.06)	0.902
Oregon	9.40	(7.96 - 11.07)	10.04	(8.46 - 11.88)	0.359
Pennsylvania	7.50a	(6.75 - 8.33)	6.78	(6.05 - 7.60)	0.029
Rhode Island	11.06a	(9.46 - 12.88)	12.44	(10.76 - 14.33)	0.040
South Carolina	6.98	(5.81 - 8.37)	6.34	(5.23 - 7.67)	0.144
South Dakota	6.53	(5.36 - 7.93)	6.56	(5.40 - 7.94)	0.946
Tennessee	8.75	(7.42 - 10.30)	8.69	(7.34 - 10.25)	0.897
Texas	6.54	(5.89 - 7.26)	6.36	(5.68 - 7.12)	0.541
Utah	6.65	(5.45 - 8.09)	6.33	(5.16 - 7.75)	0.522
Vermont	10.83	(9.25 - 12.65)	11.33	(9.76 - 13.13)	0.485
Virginia	7.06a	(5.84 - 8.52)	7.97	(6.70 - 9.46)	0.049
Washington	10.01	(8.46 - 11.81)	10.19	(8.61 - 12.02)	0.782
West Virginia	7.74	(6.56 - 9.11)	7.17	(6.01 - 8.54)	0.232
Wisconsin	6.92a	(5.81 - 8.23)	8.02	(6.72 - 9.54)	0.025
Wyoming	8.49	(7.16 - 10.03)	8.44	(7.12 - 9.98)	0.924

90309

Table 2. Marijuana Use in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	10.04		9.92		0.423
Northeast	11.32b	(10.77 - 11.89)	10.82	(10.28 - 11.40)	0.053
Midwest	9.91	(9.48 - 10.36)	9.97	(9.56 - 10.40)	0.748
South	8.88	(8.49 - 9.28)	8.85	(8.45 - 9.26)	0.851
West	10.95	(10.34 - 11.59)	10.83	(10.23 - 11.46)	0.677
Alabama	7.65	(6.37 - 9.15)	7.61	(6.38 - 9.04)	0.928
Alaska	14.24	(12.39 - 16.32)	13.61	(11.71 - 15.77)	0.482
Arizona	8.29	(6.94 - 9.87)	8.98	(7.64 - 10.52)	0.200
Arkansas	9.52	(8.08 - 11.19)	9.79	(8.36 - 11.44)	0.626
California	11.11	(10.17 - 12.14)	11.02	(10.09 - 12.02)	0.819
Colorado	12.36	(10.62 - 14.34)	12.63	(10.97 - 14.49)	0.707
Connecticut	12.87a	(10.99 - 15.01)	11.02	(9.47 - 12.80)	0.009
Delaware	10.13	(8.64 - 11.84)	11.00	(9.42 - 12.81)	0.193
District of Columbia	15.17	(13.31 - 17.23)	15.93	(13.96 - 18.11)	0.377
Florida	9.28	(8.47 - 10.16)	9.12	(8.29 - 10.03)	0.688
Georgia	9.57	(8.06 - 11.34)	9.68	(8.19 - 11.40)	0.845
Hawaii	9.74b	(8.02 - 11.76)	8.55	(7.20 - 10.13)	0.091
Idaho	8.89	(7.54 - 10.46)	8.29	(7.04 - 9.75)	0.226
Illinois	9.00	(8.21 - 9.86)	9.31	(8.52 - 10.17)	0.377
Indiana	9.01	(7.69 - 10.54)	9.58	(8.24 - 11.10)	0.281
Iowa	7.63	(6.35 - 9.15)	6.94	(5.75 - 8.36)	0.158
Kansas	10.56a	(9.02 - 12.32)	9.37	(8.02 - 10.92)	0.030
Kentucky	8.37a	(7.05 - 9.92)	9.62	(8.23 - 11.22)	0.017
Louisiana	9.31	(7.84 - 11.02)	9.77	(8.30 - 11.47)	0.422
Maine	12.86	(11.09 - 14.86)	12.22	(10.53 - 14.13)	0.397
Maryland	8.82	(7.51 - 10.32)	9.40	(8.06 - 10.93)	0.283
Massachusetts	12.55	(10.88 - 14.45)	13.21	(11.47 - 15.16)	0.334
Michigan	11.70	(10.79 - 12.67)	11.70	(10.74 - 12.72)	0.995
Minnesota	11.00	(9.35 - 12.91)	11.11	(9.52 - 12.94)	0.867
Mississippi	8.18	(6.88 - 9.71)	7.60	(6.35 - 9.07)	0.230
Missouri	9.71	(8.28 - 11.35)	9.68	(8.31 - 11.24)	0.955
Montana	13.77a	(11.90 - 15.89)	12.01	(10.48 - 13.73)	0.023
Nebraska	9.20	(7.81 - 10.80)	8.51	(7.19 - 10.03)	0.187
Nevada	10.36	(8.68 - 12.32)	9.78	(8.19 - 11.66)	0.404
New Hampshire	12.14b	(10.44 - 14.08)	13.58	(11.75 - 15.66)	0.090
New Jersey	9.19	(7.77 - 10.85)	8.75	(7.43 - 10.29)	0.425
New Mexico	9.61	(8.11 - 11.34)	10.60	(9.06 - 12.36)	0.105
New York	11.87	(10.93 - 12.89)	11.39	(10.47 - 12.39)	0.228
North Carolina	9.57	(8.06 - 11.32)	8.93	(7.57 - 10.50)	0.269
North Dakota	7.16a	(5.93 - 8.62)	8.27	(7.06 - 9.68)	0.031
Ohio	10.29	(9.40 - 11.26)	10.28	(9.44 - 11.18)	0.965
Oklahoma	8.24	(6.87 - 9.85)	8.16	(6.77 - 9.80)	0.882
Oregon	12.74	(11.05 - 14.65)	12.80	(11.11 - 14.71)	0.935
Pennsylvania	10.11a	(9.21 - 11.09)	8.96	(8.17 - 9.81)	0.003
Rhode Island	14.63	(12.74 - 16.74)	15.87	(13.97 - 17.97)	0.107
South Carolina	8.47	(7.19 - 9.95)	8.37	(7.08 - 9.88)	0.854
South Dakota	8.20	(6.93 - 9.68)	8.21	(6.97 - 9.65)	0.990
Tennessee	10.30	(8.75 - 12.09)	9.68	(8.24 - 11.34)	0.292
Texas	7.99	(7.26 - 8.79)	7.50	(6.81 - 8.26)	0.120
Utah	8.04a	(6.70 - 9.63)	6.94	(5.73 - 8.39)	0.026
Vermont	15.25	(13.21 - 17.54)	15.45	(13.54 - 17.58)	0.812
Virginia	8.56a	(7.28 - 10.04)	9.78	(8.37 - 11.39)	0.016
Washington	12.04	(10.37 - 13.94)	11.54	(9.95 - 13.34)	0.435
West Virginia	8.68	(7.42 - 10.13)	8.42	(7.16 - 9.89)	0.605
Wisconsin	9.86	(8.50 - 11.41)	10.27	(8.85 - 11.88)	0.457
Wyoming	10.82	(9.26 - 12.61)	10.83	(9.39 - 12.47)	0.979

90309

Table 3. Marijuana Use in Past Month among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	5.93		5.84		0.410
Northeast	6.69a	(6.25 - 7.14)	6.29	(5.90 - 6.71)	0.029
Midwest	5.70	(5.39 - 6.03)	5.85	(5.55 - 6.17)	0.289
South	5.19	(4.87 - 5.52)	5.14	(4.86 - 5.44)	0.756
West	6.73	(6.24 - 7.25)	6.57	(6.13 - 7.04)	0.458
Alabama	4.59	(3.64 - 5.77)	4.42	(3.50 - 5.58)	0.640
Alaska	8.91	(7.42 - 10.67)	8.11	(6.70 - 9.78)	0.240
Arizona	4.93	(3.97 - 6.11)	5.24	(4.28 - 6.40)	0.400
Arkansas	5.48	(4.44 - 6.73)	5.75	(4.73 - 6.97)	0.490
California	6.72	(5.97 - 7.55)	6.52	(5.85 - 7.26)	0.507
Colorado	7.70	(6.40 - 9.24)	8.25	(6.92 - 9.81)	0.340
Connecticut	7.51a	(6.21 - 9.06)	6.09	(5.06 - 7.32)	0.002
Delaware	5.78	(4.76 - 7.00)	6.19	(5.11 - 7.47)	0.345
District of Columbia	8.58a	(7.16 - 10.24)	10.01	(8.54 - 11.70)	0.028
Florida	5.55	(4.94 - 6.24)	5.36	(4.76 - 6.02)	0.444
Georgia	5.88	(4.74 - 7.26)	5.70	(4.59 - 7.05)	0.658
Hawaii	5.37	(4.23 - 6.80)	5.17	(4.16 - 6.41)	0.673
Idaho	5.24	(4.27 - 6.42)	5.25	(4.26 - 6.45)	0.974
Illinois	5.20	(4.62 - 5.85)	5.36	(4.76 - 6.04)	0.500
Indiana	5.46	(4.48 - 6.64)	5.87	(4.89 - 7.02)	0.241
Iowa	4.46a	(3.62 - 5.48)	3.65	(2.90 - 4.58)	0.008
Kansas	5.72	(4.67 - 7.00)	5.46	(4.45 - 6.67)	0.454
Kentucky	4.75a	(3.82 - 5.89)	5.65	(4.65 - 6.84)	0.012
Louisiana	5.54	(4.50 - 6.81)	5.31	(4.33 - 6.51)	0.545
Maine	8.76	(7.30 - 10.48)	8.13	(6.82 - 9.67)	0.340
Maryland	4.69	(3.75 - 5.84)	4.98	(4.08 - 6.07)	0.448
Massachusetts	7.85	(6.62 - 9.29)	7.79	(6.55 - 9.24)	0.898
Michigan	6.33a	(5.68 - 7.04)	6.96	(6.26 - 7.73)	0.035
Minnesota	7.13	(5.88 - 8.62)	7.29	(6.09 - 8.69)	0.758
Mississippi	5.07	(4.10 - 6.27)	4.59	(3.65 - 5.75)	0.173
Missouri	5.30	(4.29 - 6.54)	5.42	(4.45 - 6.59)	0.747
Montana	9.07	(7.59 - 10.80)	8.57	(7.25 - 10.10)	0.429
Nebraska	5.18	(4.18 - 6.39)	4.99	(4.04 - 6.15)	0.602
Nevada	6.69	(5.43 - 8.20)	5.95	(4.77 - 7.40)	0.114
New Hampshire	7.56	(6.29 - 9.08)	8.16	(6.91 - 9.62)	0.302
New Jersey	5.13	(4.14 - 6.35)	4.54	(3.68 - 5.60)	0.110
New Mexico	5.87a	(4.79 - 7.16)	6.78	(5.59 - 8.19)	0.044
New York	7.00	(6.29 - 7.80)	6.86	(6.18 - 7.62)	0.628
North Carolina	5.43	(4.41 - 6.66)	5.17	(4.22 - 6.33)	0.501
North Dakota	4.35	(3.37 - 5.60)	4.99	(4.02 - 6.17)	0.121
Ohio	6.04	(5.41 - 6.75)	5.92	(5.32 - 6.57)	0.614
Oklahoma	5.15	(4.10 - 6.44)	5.08	(4.03 - 6.39)	0.863
Oregon	7.81	(6.49 - 9.37)	7.58	(6.32 - 9.07)	0.702
Pennsylvania	5.74a	(5.12 - 6.42)	4.94	(4.40 - 5.54)	0.001
Rhode Island	9.15a	(7.73 - 10.80)	10.37	(8.90 - 12.05)	0.047
South Carolina	5.36	(4.38 - 6.55)	4.79	(3.89 - 5.87)	0.102
South Dakota	5.06	(4.09 - 6.25)	5.25	(4.30 - 6.40)	0.619
Tennessee	6.13	(5.01 - 7.47)	5.66	(4.69 - 6.81)	0.247
Texas	4.20	(3.69 - 4.76)	4.10	(3.61 - 4.66)	0.673
Utah	4.23	(3.33 - 5.37)	4.18	(3.32 - 5.26)	0.884
Vermont	9.70	(8.17 - 11.49)	9.93	(8.49 - 11.58)	0.727
Virginia	5.44a	(4.44 - 6.65)	6.45	(5.39 - 7.69)	0.010
Washington	8.31	(6.83 - 10.07)	7.44	(6.20 - 8.91)	0.112
West Virginia	5.87a	(4.88 - 7.06)	5.14	(4.23 - 6.24)	0.043
Wisconsin	5.47	(4.50 - 6.64)	5.75	(4.77 - 6.91)	0.455
Wyoming	6.75	(5.57 - 8.17)	6.73	(5.63 - 8.02)	0.951

90309

Table 4. Perceptions of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	39.38		39.41		0.896
Northeast	37.34	(36.20 - 38.49)	37.51	(36.46 - 38.59)	0.729
Midwest	37.67	(36.83 - 38.51)	37.86	(37.02 - 38.71)	0.623
South	43.59	(42.75 - 44.44)	43.41	(42.55 - 44.28)	0.669
West	36.04	(34.89 - 37.20)	36.11	(35.04 - 37.20)	0.889
Alabama	50.08	(46.46 - 53.70)	49.59	(46.21 - 52.97)	0.728
Alaska	28.57	(25.60 - 31.73)	29.64	(26.38 - 33.11)	0.406
Arizona	39.64	(36.14 - 43.26)	39.56	(36.36 - 42.84)	0.953
Arkansas	46.68a	(43.22 - 50.18)	43.75	(40.56 - 47.00)	0.033
California	37.75	(35.95 - 39.58)	38.05	(36.33 - 39.80)	0.716
Colorado	30.81b	(27.71 - 34.09)	28.48	(25.58 - 31.58)	0.068
Connecticut	36.20	(32.58 - 39.99)	36.84	(33.60 - 40.20)	0.642
Delaware	38.71	(35.37 - 42.16)	38.25	(35.09 - 41.52)	0.739
District of Columbia	32.20	(29.15 - 35.41)	30.84	(27.79 - 34.07)	0.288
Florida	43.61	(41.75 - 45.49)	42.90	(41.03 - 44.79)	0.416
Georgia	43.98	(40.47 - 47.54)	43.01	(39.67 - 46.41)	0.461
Hawaii	38.36	(34.61 - 42.25)	40.36	(36.80 - 44.03)	0.210
Idaho	38.02a	(34.72 - 41.44)	40.82	(37.51 - 44.21)	0.037
Illinois	39.22	(37.39 - 41.08)	39.17	(37.41 - 40.95)	0.951
Indiana	39.62	(36.34 - 43.00)	37.83	(34.71 - 41.05)	0.174
Iowa	40.14	(37.01 - 43.35)	39.12	(36.04 - 42.29)	0.436
Kansas	37.31b	(34.12 - 40.61)	39.59	(36.38 - 42.88)	0.084
Kentucky	45.61	(42.21 - 49.06)	43.47	(40.30 - 46.70)	0.101
Louisiana	45.31	(41.69 - 48.99)	46.21	(42.80 - 49.66)	0.548
Maine	32.66	(29.52 - 35.98)	31.93	(28.70 - 35.33)	0.588
Maryland	39.88	(36.62 - 43.23)	40.35	(37.13 - 43.65)	0.721
Massachusetts	29.24	(26.19 - 32.48)	27.99	(24.93 - 31.27)	0.340
Michigan	35.22	(33.58 - 36.88)	35.31	(33.54 - 37.12)	0.912
Minnesota	31.88	(28.78 - 35.14)	32.40	(29.33 - 35.62)	0.667
Mississippi	52.89	(49.36 - 56.39)	52.09	(48.50 - 55.66)	0.580
Missouri	40.52	(37.16 - 43.97)	38.53	(35.37 - 41.79)	0.124
Montana	32.03	(28.82 - 35.42)	33.29	(30.35 - 36.38)	0.333
Nebraska	41.53b	(38.27 - 44.86)	44.07	(40.66 - 47.54)	0.059
Nevada	35.46	(32.08 - 39.00)	37.30	(33.92 - 40.81)	0.205
New Hampshire	27.07	(23.90 - 30.48)	26.35	(23.44 - 29.49)	0.575
New Jersey	39.93	(36.47 - 43.49)	41.07	(37.88 - 44.33)	0.415
New Mexico	40.82	(37.27 - 44.47)	40.50	(37.14 - 43.94)	0.816
New York	39.12	(37.20 - 41.08)	38.86	(37.00 - 40.76)	0.767
North Carolina	41.75	(38.28 - 45.30)	42.65	(39.14 - 46.24)	0.528
North Dakota	39.97	(36.62 - 43.41)	39.78	(36.64 - 43.01)	0.891
Ohio	38.43	(36.63 - 40.27)	39.45	(37.69 - 41.24)	0.209
Oklahoma	41.55	(38.00 - 45.19)	43.59	(39.93 - 47.33)	0.181
Oregon	29.08	(26.00 - 32.35)	28.90	(26.02 - 31.95)	0.878
Pennsylvania	39.88	(38.03 - 41.76)	40.94	(39.25 - 42.65)	0.222
Rhode Island	31.19	(28.01 - 34.57)	31.35	(28.23 - 34.65)	0.907
South Carolina	42.08	(38.79 - 45.43)	42.49	(39.25 - 45.79)	0.747
South Dakota	40.34a	(37.12 - 43.64)	37.51	(34.34 - 40.79)	0.047
Tennessee	42.40	(38.85 - 46.02)	43.92	(40.50 - 47.40)	0.286
Texas	44.40	(42.69 - 46.11)	44.71	(42.87 - 46.55)	0.696
Utah	42.40	(39.03 - 45.85)	42.85	(39.75 - 46.00)	0.743
Vermont	29.08	(25.95 - 32.42)	28.32	(25.39 - 31.45)	0.581
Virginia	38.57	(35.27 - 41.98)	37.28	(34.08 - 40.59)	0.315
Washington	28.10	(25.11 - 31.29)	27.03	(24.17 - 30.08)	0.383
West Virginia	45.42	(42.02 - 48.87)	43.96	(40.69 - 47.29)	0.281
Wisconsin	34.24a	(31.18 - 37.45)	36.98	(33.83 - 40.25)	0.035
Wyoming	36.45	(33.25 - 39.76)	35.99	(32.85 - 39.26)	0.733

90309

Table 5. First Use of Marijuana among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Average Annual Rates Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Average annual rate = 100*{[X1 ÷ (0.5 * X1 + X2)] ÷ 2}, where X1 is the number of marijuana initiates in past 24 months and X2 is the number of persons who never used marijuana. Both of the computation components, X1 and X2, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. NOTE: The prediction intervals presented above use a simultaneous solution for the First Use of Marijuana and Never Used Marijuana outcomes, which had age group–specific random effects that were allowed to be correlated across the two outcomes. The associated Markov Chain Monte Carlo chains were used to calculate the posterior variance. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	0.93		0.93		0.945
Northeast	0.96	(0.87 - 1.05)	0.97	(0.90 - 1.05)	0.820
Midwest	1.02	(0.93 - 1.11)	1.02	(0.95 - 1.09)	0.991
South	0.86	(0.78 - 0.94)	0.83	(0.77 - 0.89)	0.474
West	0.94	(0.84 - 1.04)	0.97	(0.88 - 1.06)	0.608
Alabama	0.77	(0.61 - 0.96)	0.75	(0.61 - 0.91)	0.823
Alaska	1.32	(1.04 - 1.68)	1.37	(1.11 - 1.69)	0.712
Arizona	0.85	(0.66 - 1.10)	0.89	(0.72 - 1.09)	0.753
Arkansas	0.81	(0.64 - 1.02)	0.88	(0.73 - 1.06)	0.440
California	0.88	(0.76 - 1.02)	0.94	(0.82 - 1.08)	0.401
Colorado	0.98a	(0.75 - 1.27)	1.24	(1.00 - 1.52)	0.039
Connecticut	1.06	(0.83 - 1.35)	1.04	(0.86 - 1.27)	0.887
Delaware	1.11	(0.88 - 1.42)	1.01	(0.83 - 1.22)	0.342
District of Columbia	1.56	(1.22 - 1.99)	1.64	(1.35 - 2.01)	0.594
Florida	0.77	(0.67 - 0.88)	0.74	(0.65 - 0.84)	0.563
Georgia	1.00	(0.78 - 1.26)	0.94	(0.77 - 1.13)	0.522
Hawaii	1.04	(0.76 - 1.42)	1.03	(0.81 - 1.31)	0.951
Idaho	0.98	(0.76 - 1.26)	0.85	(0.69 - 1.04)	0.170
Illinois	0.97	(0.84 - 1.11)	0.95	(0.84 - 1.08)	0.846
Indiana	0.89b	(0.71 - 1.12)	1.05	(0.87 - 1.26)	0.089
Iowa	0.93	(0.73 - 1.19)	0.91	(0.75 - 1.11)	0.813
Kansas	1.07	(0.84 - 1.36)	0.96	(0.78 - 1.18)	0.318
Kentucky	0.87	(0.69 - 1.10)	0.93	(0.77 - 1.12)	0.511
Louisiana	0.93	(0.74 - 1.17)	0.98	(0.81 - 1.18)	0.626
Maine	1.13	(0.90 - 1.40)	1.11	(0.92 - 1.33)	0.867
Maryland	0.99	(0.78 - 1.25)	1.02	(0.84 - 1.22)	0.812
Massachusetts	1.20	(0.96 - 1.49)	1.23	(1.01 - 1.50)	0.793
Michigan	1.16	(1.01 - 1.33)	1.12	(0.99 - 1.25)	0.579
Minnesota	1.05	(0.83 - 1.32)	1.16	(0.95 - 1.41)	0.334
Mississippi	0.79	(0.61 - 1.02)	0.78	(0.64 - 0.96)	0.951
Missouri	0.97	(0.77 - 1.22)	0.97	(0.81 - 1.18)	0.962
Montana	1.20	(0.95 - 1.51)	1.15	(0.95 - 1.40)	0.683
Nebraska	1.07b	(0.84 - 1.35)	0.88	(0.71 - 1.08)	0.059
Nevada	0.80	(0.61 - 1.04)	0.77	(0.63 - 0.96)	0.812
New Hampshire	1.32	(1.04 - 1.67)	1.40	(1.14 - 1.71)	0.576
New Jersey	0.79	(0.62 - 0.99)	0.73	(0.60 - 0.89)	0.457
New Mexico	0.94	(0.71 - 1.23)	1.02	(0.82 - 1.26)	0.550
New York	0.93	(0.80 - 1.07)	0.96	(0.85 - 1.09)	0.616
North Carolina	0.82	(0.64 - 1.05)	0.76	(0.63 - 0.92)	0.455
North Dakota	0.92	(0.72 - 1.18)	1.09	(0.90 - 1.33)	0.117
Ohio	0.97	(0.85 - 1.12)	1.01	(0.90 - 1.14)	0.515
Oklahoma	0.90	(0.71 - 1.14)	0.88	(0.72 - 1.09)	0.879
Oregon	1.09	(0.85 - 1.41)	1.13	(0.92 - 1.37)	0.796
Pennsylvania	0.92	(0.80 - 1.06)	0.92	(0.82 - 1.03)	0.999
Rhode Island	1.14a	(0.89 - 1.45)	1.48	(1.20 - 1.82)	0.021
South Carolina	0.92	(0.73 - 1.16)	0.83	(0.69 - 1.01)	0.300
South Dakota	0.93	(0.73 - 1.18)	1.00	(0.82 - 1.21)	0.483
Tennessee	0.91	(0.73 - 1.14)	0.81	(0.67 - 0.98)	0.220
Texas	0.84	(0.73 - 0.98)	0.76	(0.66 - 0.87)	0.193
Utah	1.03b	(0.76 - 1.39)	0.79	(0.61 - 1.02)	0.087
Vermont	1.42	(1.12 - 1.79)	1.50	(1.25 - 1.80)	0.592
Virginia	0.83	(0.66 - 1.05)	0.95	(0.79 - 1.15)	0.183
Washington	1.16	(0.92 - 1.46)	1.02	(0.84 - 1.24)	0.175
West Virginia	0.71	(0.57 - 0.89)	0.76	(0.63 - 0.93)	0.523
Wisconsin	1.18	(0.95 - 1.47)	1.02	(0.85 - 1.23)	0.123
Wyoming	1.27	(1.01 - 1.58)	1.29	(1.07 - 1.55)	0.862

90309

Table 6. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana in Past Month among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically; these estimates are based on data from original questions, excluding those on the use of over-the-counter drugs or new methamphetamine items that were added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.6 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	3.67		3.71		0.623
Northeast	3.60	(3.28 - 3.95)	3.39	(3.07 - 3.75)	0.146
Midwest	3.41	(3.16 - 3.68)	3.47	(3.23 - 3.73)	0.584
South	3.75	(3.50 - 4.02)	3.79	(3.53 - 4.07)	0.735
West	3.84	(3.50 - 4.21)	4.08	(3.71 - 4.49)	0.130
Alabama	3.80	(2.97 - 4.85)	3.72	(2.89 - 4.80)	0.827
Alaska	4.11	(3.17 - 5.32)	3.77	(2.88 - 4.92)	0.377
Arizona	4.34a	(3.36 - 5.59)	5.46	(4.24 - 7.00)	0.010
Arkansas	4.24	(3.31 - 5.41)	4.74	(3.76 - 5.96)	0.245
California	3.81	(3.27 - 4.42)	3.91	(3.37 - 4.53)	0.649
Colorado	4.10	(3.22 - 5.20)	4.44	(3.41 - 5.76)	0.455
Connecticut	3.79a	(2.91 - 4.92)	3.14	(2.38 - 4.14)	0.031
Delaware	3.45	(2.65 - 4.47)	3.71	(2.83 - 4.86)	0.441
District of Columbia	4.48	(3.43 - 5.82)	4.83	(3.71 - 6.27)	0.446
Florida	3.98	(3.43 - 4.61)	3.72	(3.20 - 4.32)	0.314
Georgia	3.14	(2.38 - 4.14)	3.20	(2.42 - 4.23)	0.828
Hawaii	3.12	(2.29 - 4.25)	2.64	(1.89 - 3.68)	0.238
Idaho	3.31	(2.54 - 4.32)	3.21	(2.46 - 4.19)	0.731
Illinois	3.15	(2.68 - 3.70)	3.19	(2.71 - 3.75)	0.833
Indiana	4.06	(3.23 - 5.09)	3.91	(3.06 - 4.99)	0.673
Iowa	2.84b	(2.16 - 3.71)	2.43	(1.81 - 3.26)	0.081
Kansas	3.98	(3.07 - 5.14)	3.55	(2.70 - 4.66)	0.254
Kentucky	3.24b	(2.51 - 4.18)	3.79	(2.99 - 4.79)	0.061
Louisiana	4.51	(3.57 - 5.69)	4.60	(3.59 - 5.89)	0.832
Maine	2.81	(2.16 - 3.65)	3.14	(2.43 - 4.06)	0.182
Maryland	2.93	(2.20 - 3.89)	3.37	(2.59 - 4.38)	0.134
Massachusetts	4.60	(3.66 - 5.76)	4.04	(3.15 - 5.17)	0.109
Michigan	4.06	(3.55 - 4.64)	3.73	(3.23 - 4.30)	0.114
Minnesota	2.92	(2.21 - 3.85)	3.08	(2.33 - 4.06)	0.524
Mississippi	3.64	(2.83 - 4.67)	3.64	(2.80 - 4.71)	0.995
Missouri	3.59	(2.84 - 4.53)	4.03	(3.17 - 5.11)	0.187
Montana	3.25	(2.51 - 4.21)	3.67	(2.87 - 4.68)	0.170
Nebraska	3.09	(2.35 - 4.06)	3.13	(2.39 - 4.08)	0.889
Nevada	4.15	(3.21 - 5.36)	4.03	(3.07 - 5.27)	0.747
New Hampshire	2.90b	(2.20 - 3.81)	3.41	(2.65 - 4.37)	0.058
New Jersey	3.30	(2.51 - 4.34)	2.91	(2.18 - 3.87)	0.156
New Mexico	3.63	(2.83 - 4.64)	3.74	(2.87 - 4.87)	0.723
New York	3.77	(3.19 - 4.45)	3.57	(2.99 - 4.27)	0.421
North Carolina	3.86	(3.00 - 4.94)	3.48	(2.68 - 4.51)	0.223
North Dakota	2.36	(1.66 - 3.34)	2.44	(1.81 - 3.29)	0.740
Ohio	3.28	(2.81 - 3.84)	3.32	(2.86 - 3.85)	0.857
Oklahoma	3.90	(3.05 - 4.97)	4.46	(3.37 - 5.88)	0.167
Oregon	3.64	(2.83 - 4.66)	4.08	(3.18 - 5.23)	0.255
Pennsylvania	3.05	(2.61 - 3.57)	2.99	(2.55 - 3.50)	0.754
Rhode Island	4.40a	(3.52 - 5.49)	5.48	(4.31 - 6.94)	0.022
South Carolina	3.28	(2.55 - 4.22)	3.05	(2.33 - 3.97)	0.369
South Dakota	2.51	(1.83 - 3.43)	2.40	(1.78 - 3.23)	0.632
Tennessee	4.59	(3.58 - 5.85)	5.13	(4.01 - 6.54)	0.236
Texas	3.83	(3.33 - 4.41)	3.79	(3.24 - 4.42)	0.851
Utah	3.66	(2.83 - 4.72)	3.32	(2.54 - 4.34)	0.273
Vermont	3.84	(3.06 - 4.81)	4.07	(3.23 - 5.12)	0.496
Virginia	3.26	(2.53 - 4.19)	3.51	(2.72 - 4.52)	0.372
Washington	3.84b	(2.99 - 4.93)	4.47	(3.49 - 5.70)	0.095
West Virginia	4.07	(3.24 - 5.12)	4.07	(3.19 - 5.18)	1.000
Wisconsin	2.99a	(2.28 - 3.92)	4.12	(3.21 - 5.27)	0.001
Wyoming	3.47	(2.72 - 4.42)	3.76	(2.98 - 4.74)	0.318

90309

Table 7. Cocaine Use in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	2.45		2.48		0.697
Northeast	2.74	(2.45 - 3.05)	2.58	(2.31 - 2.89)	0.218
Midwest	2.32	(2.11 - 2.55)	2.33	(2.12 - 2.56)	0.897
South	2.44	(2.23 - 2.67)	2.44	(2.22 - 2.68)	0.970
West	2.37a	(2.13 - 2.65)	2.62	(2.34 - 2.93)	0.042
Alabama	2.30	(1.68 - 3.15)	2.09	(1.53 - 2.85)	0.402
Alaska	2.67	(1.93 - 3.66)	2.94	(2.16 - 4.00)	0.424
Arizona	2.77	(2.09 - 3.66)	3.26	(2.45 - 4.34)	0.156
Arkansas	2.21	(1.65 - 2.94)	2.31	(1.74 - 3.05)	0.706
California	2.30	(1.93 - 2.74)	2.52	(2.14 - 2.97)	0.148
Colorado	2.87	(2.15 - 3.82)	3.27	(2.50 - 4.26)	0.302
Connecticut	2.80	(2.10 - 3.72)	2.48	(1.85 - 3.33)	0.285
Delaware	2.50	(1.85 - 3.36)	2.63	(1.96 - 3.51)	0.678
District of Columbia	5.26	(3.92 - 7.01)	5.46	(4.12 - 7.21)	0.759
Florida	2.70b	(2.26 - 3.23)	2.37	(1.99 - 2.82)	0.094
Georgia	2.12b	(1.52 - 2.94)	2.70	(1.96 - 3.71)	0.060
Hawaii	1.86	(1.30 - 2.65)	2.03	(1.44 - 2.84)	0.540
Idaho	2.05	(1.54 - 2.71)	1.78	(1.32 - 2.39)	0.159
Illinois	2.42	(2.02 - 2.90)	2.48	(2.07 - 2.96)	0.744
Indiana	2.33	(1.76 - 3.07)	2.28	(1.74 - 2.99)	0.871
Iowa	1.81	(1.30 - 2.51)	1.82	(1.35 - 2.46)	0.930
Kansas	3.07a	(2.26 - 4.17)	2.29	(1.72 - 3.06)	0.013
Kentucky	2.20	(1.63 - 2.97)	2.19	(1.66 - 2.88)	0.971
Louisiana	2.24b	(1.62 - 3.10)	2.74	(2.03 - 3.69)	0.094
Maine	2.23	(1.67 - 2.96)	2.32	(1.76 - 3.05)	0.702
Maryland	2.18	(1.60 - 2.96)	2.47	(1.81 - 3.36)	0.337
Massachusetts	3.58	(2.76 - 4.62)	3.14	(2.40 - 4.10)	0.232
Michigan	2.27	(1.90 - 2.70)	2.13	(1.78 - 2.56)	0.413
Minnesota	2.35	(1.76 - 3.13)	2.34	(1.73 - 3.15)	0.970
Mississippi	2.04	(1.43 - 2.90)	1.74	(1.20 - 2.51)	0.208
Missouri	2.27	(1.72 - 2.99)	2.26	(1.68 - 3.02)	0.961
Montana	2.63	(2.04 - 3.38)	2.42	(1.87 - 3.13)	0.398
Nebraska	2.46a	(1.87 - 3.24)	1.98	(1.46 - 2.67)	0.026
Nevada	2.09	(1.53 - 2.84)	2.41	(1.77 - 3.29)	0.219
New Hampshire	2.52	(1.93 - 3.28)	2.67	(2.06 - 3.47)	0.559
New Jersey	2.16	(1.59 - 2.94)	1.95	(1.41 - 2.70)	0.349
New Mexico	2.34b	(1.75 - 3.12)	2.85	(2.09 - 3.87)	0.077
New York	2.96	(2.45 - 3.57)	2.93	(2.44 - 3.51)	0.861
North Carolina	2.43	(1.82 - 3.25)	2.54	(1.91 - 3.37)	0.693
North Dakota	1.59	(1.10 - 2.29)	1.78	(1.27 - 2.48)	0.378
Ohio	2.51	(2.09 - 3.02)	2.64	(2.24 - 3.10)	0.520
Oklahoma	1.97	(1.45 - 2.68)	1.91	(1.38 - 2.63)	0.760
Oregon	1.90b	(1.36 - 2.64)	2.40	(1.82 - 3.16)	0.099
Pennsylvania	2.31	(1.91 - 2.80)	2.06	(1.71 - 2.49)	0.145
Rhode Island	3.68	(2.78 - 4.86)	4.32	(3.27 - 5.69)	0.190
South Carolina	2.33	(1.73 - 3.14)	2.17	(1.63 - 2.90)	0.515
South Dakota	1.81	(1.30 - 2.52)	1.79	(1.31 - 2.45)	0.936
Tennessee	2.88	(2.12 - 3.89)	2.88	(2.20 - 3.77)	0.985
Texas	2.47	(2.08 - 2.94)	2.34	(1.95 - 2.81)	0.476
Utah	2.47	(1.85 - 3.30)	2.39	(1.79 - 3.19)	0.748
Vermont	2.97	(2.32 - 3.80)	3.11	(2.41 - 4.01)	0.643
Virginia	2.47	(1.87 - 3.26)	2.75	(2.10 - 3.58)	0.281
Washington	2.55	(1.94 - 3.33)	2.62	(2.00 - 3.42)	0.794
West Virginia	2.65	(2.04 - 3.42)	2.42	(1.85 - 3.16)	0.419
Wisconsin	1.85a	(1.35 - 2.55)	2.43	(1.84 - 3.21)	0.033
Wyoming	2.33	(1.79 - 3.02)	2.55	(1.96 - 3.32)	0.397

90309

Table 8. Nonmedical Use of Pain Relievers in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	4.77		4.88		0.290
Northeast	4.28	(3.94 - 4.64)	4.13	(3.81 - 4.47)	0.307
Midwest	4.75	(4.48 - 5.04)	4.87	(4.60 - 5.15)	0.349
South	4.82	(4.55 - 5.10)	4.94	(4.66 - 5.23)	0.368
West	5.11	(4.71 - 5.55)	5.40	(5.00 - 5.84)	0.145
Alabama	4.89b	(4.01 - 5.96)	5.63	(4.57 - 6.90)	0.069
Alaska	5.11	(4.12 - 6.32)	4.79	(3.77 - 6.06)	0.467
Arizona	5.35b	(4.32 - 6.60)	6.24	(5.02 - 7.73)	0.056
Arkansas	5.96a	(4.90 - 7.23)	7.07	(5.84 - 8.53)	0.031
California	4.85	(4.26 - 5.53)	5.20	(4.59 - 5.89)	0.218
Colorado	5.19	(4.23 - 6.36)	5.29	(4.27 - 6.54)	0.822
Connecticut	5.10a	(4.13 - 6.28)	4.10	(3.26 - 5.15)	0.008
Delaware	4.81	(3.93 - 5.88)	4.58	(3.65 - 5.74)	0.559
District of Columbia	4.07	(3.24 - 5.10)	3.98	(3.10 - 5.09)	0.809
Florida	4.99a	(4.40 - 5.64)	4.41	(3.87 - 5.03)	0.031
Georgia	4.52	(3.67 - 5.57)	5.05	(4.04 - 6.29)	0.144
Hawaii	3.64	(2.80 - 4.72)	3.40	(2.57 - 4.49)	0.604
Idaho	5.59	(4.66 - 6.70)	5.79	(4.72 - 7.08)	0.630
Illinois	4.21	(3.68 - 4.81)	4.10	(3.58 - 4.69)	0.633
Indiana	5.68	(4.73 - 6.80)	6.05	(4.98 - 7.32)	0.389
Iowa	4.17	(3.38 - 5.14)	3.67	(2.93 - 4.60)	0.102
Kansas	5.05	(4.10 - 6.21)	4.55	(3.64 - 5.68)	0.221
Kentucky	5.24b	(4.32 - 6.35)	6.01	(4.96 - 7.26)	0.081
Louisiana	5.32	(4.35 - 6.49)	5.94	(4.81 - 7.31)	0.177
Maine	4.39	(3.56 - 5.40)	4.37	(3.49 - 5.47)	0.966
Maryland	3.71	(2.98 - 4.59)	4.11	(3.29 - 5.13)	0.185
Massachusetts	5.47	(4.50 - 6.64)	5.59	(4.54 - 6.87)	0.780
Michigan	5.32	(4.77 - 5.92)	5.42	(4.83 - 6.08)	0.678
Minnesota	4.17	(3.34 - 5.19)	4.19	(3.36 - 5.22)	0.954
Mississippi	4.03	(3.26 - 4.98)	4.05	(3.19 - 5.14)	0.950
Missouri	4.94	(4.09 - 5.94)	4.80	(3.91 - 5.88)	0.709
Montana	4.94	(4.04 - 6.03)	5.18	(4.24 - 6.32)	0.579
Nebraska	4.44a	(3.57 - 5.52)	3.57	(2.81 - 4.52)	0.005
Nevada	5.89	(4.81 - 7.18)	5.94	(4.77 - 7.37)	0.922
New Hampshire	4.36	(3.48 - 5.44)	4.64	(3.73 - 5.75)	0.445
New Jersey	3.72	(2.94 - 4.68)	3.39	(2.64 - 4.34)	0.321
New Mexico	5.08	(4.12 - 6.26)	5.72	(4.51 - 7.23)	0.213
New York	4.13	(3.58 - 4.75)	3.99	(3.46 - 4.59)	0.544
North Carolina	4.54	(3.69 - 5.58)	4.49	(3.62 - 5.56)	0.874
North Dakota	4.00	(3.18 - 5.02)	3.88	(3.10 - 4.86)	0.730
Ohio	4.83a	(4.31 - 5.42)	5.34	(4.77 - 5.98)	0.033
Oklahoma	6.38	(5.20 - 7.82)	6.65	(5.38 - 8.21)	0.625
Oregon	5.06	(4.11 - 6.22)	5.17	(4.21 - 6.34)	0.801
Pennsylvania	3.91	(3.39 - 4.49)	3.82	(3.33 - 4.39)	0.717
Rhode Island	5.39	(4.45 - 6.52)	6.06	(4.94 - 7.41)	0.142
South Carolina	4.64	(3.82 - 5.62)	4.46	(3.60 - 5.51)	0.610
South Dakota	3.70	(2.93 - 4.67)	3.24	(2.52 - 4.14)	0.123
Tennessee	5.94	(4.89 - 7.20)	6.71	(5.47 - 8.21)	0.144
Texas	4.55	(4.03 - 5.12)	4.43	(3.87 - 5.06)	0.636
Utah	6.00a	(4.97 - 7.22)	5.04	(4.08 - 6.20)	0.025
Vermont	4.90	(4.03 - 5.95)	4.57	(3.73 - 5.61)	0.352
Virginia	4.34	(3.51 - 5.37)	4.85	(3.89 - 6.02)	0.190
Washington	5.92	(4.84 - 7.22)	6.25	(5.09 - 7.67)	0.513
West Virginia	5.38	(4.46 - 6.47)	4.94	(4.03 - 6.05)	0.303
Wisconsin	4.56a	(3.69 - 5.62)	5.55	(4.52 - 6.80)	0.023
Wyoming	4.87	(3.97 - 5.96)	4.59	(3.70 - 5.69)	0.467

90309

Table 9. Alcohol Use in Past Month among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	55.40		55.01		0.297
Northeast	59.62	(58.37 - 60.86)	60.10	(58.97 - 61.22)	0.403
Midwest	58.51	(57.50 - 59.51)	58.16	(57.21 - 59.10)	0.432
South	51.22	(50.16 - 52.27)	50.69	(49.75 - 51.63)	0.261
West	55.51	(54.21 - 56.80)	54.67	(53.46 - 55.86)	0.154
Alabama	45.43b	(41.84 - 49.06)	42.65	(39.36 - 46.00)	0.058
Alaska	58.19	(54.69 - 61.61)	59.22	(55.67 - 62.67)	0.463
Arizona	58.78a	(55.09 - 62.37)	55.98	(52.51 - 59.39)	0.039
Arkansas	45.41	(41.77 - 49.10)	46.63	(43.07 - 50.23)	0.385
California	54.83	(52.89 - 56.75)	53.74	(51.88 - 55.60)	0.215
Colorado	63.12	(59.68 - 66.43)	64.42	(61.06 - 67.64)	0.303
Connecticut	65.40	(61.47 - 69.14)	66.98	(63.53 - 70.26)	0.276
Delaware	55.36a	(51.90 - 58.77)	58.33	(54.66 - 61.90)	0.040
District of Columbia	64.15	(60.76 - 67.39)	63.07	(59.72 - 66.30)	0.418
Florida	57.25	(55.31 - 59.16)	56.29	(54.33 - 58.24)	0.291
Georgia	48.52	(44.81 - 52.24)	50.23	(46.82 - 53.64)	0.187
Hawaii	50.38	(46.38 - 54.37)	51.62	(47.84 - 55.38)	0.473
Idaho	50.31a	(46.70 - 53.92)	45.95	(42.48 - 49.47)	0.002
Illinois	56.62	(54.77 - 58.45)	57.02	(55.09 - 58.93)	0.617
Indiana	53.50	(50.01 - 56.96)	54.12	(50.75 - 57.46)	0.652
Iowa	56.88	(53.56 - 60.14)	56.58	(53.26 - 59.84)	0.826
Kansas	57.10	(53.66 - 60.47)	56.46	(52.92 - 59.93)	0.639
Kentucky	45.34	(41.97 - 48.76)	44.15	(40.77 - 47.59)	0.391
Louisiana	52.88	(49.09 - 56.64)	53.95	(50.41 - 57.44)	0.463
Maine	58.49	(54.90 - 62.00)	56.88	(53.22 - 60.46)	0.282
Maryland	57.62	(54.09 - 61.07)	58.45	(55.06 - 61.77)	0.561
Massachusetts	62.08b	(58.52 - 65.51)	64.78	(61.37 - 68.04)	0.055
Michigan	61.01	(59.14 - 62.85)	60.01	(58.19 - 61.81)	0.221
Minnesota	66.65	(63.28 - 69.86)	65.63	(62.04 - 69.05)	0.448
Mississippi	39.69	(36.32 - 43.16)	40.00	(36.73 - 43.36)	0.807
Missouri	53.62	(50.01 - 57.19)	54.24	(50.78 - 57.67)	0.644
Montana	60.49	(56.94 - 63.93)	59.42	(56.11 - 62.65)	0.461
Nebraska	58.04	(54.47 - 61.54)	57.17	(53.57 - 60.70)	0.532
Nevada	56.13	(52.39 - 59.80)	56.11	(52.13 - 60.02)	0.992
New Hampshire	65.62	(62.13 - 68.95)	66.78	(63.37 - 70.02)	0.388
New Jersey	60.68	(56.95 - 64.29)	59.28	(55.74 - 62.72)	0.364
New Mexico	49.35	(45.55 - 53.16)	47.79	(44.09 - 51.51)	0.300
New York	58.63	(56.71 - 60.53)	59.12	(57.12 - 61.09)	0.594
North Carolina	46.89	(43.27 - 50.55)	45.34	(41.78 - 48.96)	0.279
North Dakota	62.30	(58.58 - 65.89)	64.70	(61.13 - 68.12)	0.133
Ohio	55.51	(53.62 - 57.38)	55.00	(53.14 - 56.85)	0.529
Oklahoma	44.80	(41.11 - 48.53)	45.74	(42.06 - 49.47)	0.532
Oregon	58.54	(55.13 - 61.88)	59.75	(56.40 - 63.02)	0.368
Pennsylvania	56.24	(54.35 - 58.12)	56.62	(54.76 - 58.47)	0.664
Rhode Island	65.62	(62.10 - 68.98)	67.42	(64.08 - 70.58)	0.195
South Carolina	48.81	(45.29 - 52.35)	50.44	(47.03 - 53.85)	0.231
South Dakota	63.35	(59.85 - 66.72)	62.16	(58.77 - 65.43)	0.397
Tennessee	45.52	(41.70 - 49.39)	43.12	(39.60 - 46.71)	0.104
Texas	53.71a	(51.85 - 55.55)	51.71	(49.84 - 53.58)	0.018
Utah	35.23	(31.81 - 38.82)	33.71	(30.47 - 37.12)	0.327
Vermont	64.71	(61.02 - 68.23)	64.14	(60.60 - 67.52)	0.712
Virginia	55.99	(52.31 - 59.60)	56.92	(53.43 - 60.35)	0.507
Washington	58.63	(55.04 - 62.14)	58.46	(54.97 - 61.88)	0.901
West Virginia	38.31	(34.87 - 41.87)	39.11	(35.76 - 42.56)	0.585
Wisconsin	68.04	(64.61 - 71.29)	66.25	(62.92 - 69.42)	0.181
Wyoming	60.30	(56.71 - 63.78)	60.21	(56.74 - 63.59)	0.955

90309

Table 10. Binge Alcohol Use in Past Month among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	24.30b		24.66		0.097
Northeast	24.93	(24.04 - 25.84)	25.38	(24.51 - 26.26)	0.260
Midwest	27.12	(26.41 - 27.84)	27.57	(26.86 - 28.29)	0.181
South	22.99	(22.35 - 23.64)	23.23	(22.59 - 23.89)	0.437
West	23.08	(22.20 - 23.97)	23.51	(22.64 - 24.42)	0.279
Alabama	19.83	(17.41 - 22.50)	19.92	(17.62 - 22.44)	0.930
Alaska	23.27	(20.73 - 26.03)	24.55	(21.87 - 27.46)	0.276
Arizona	24.32	(21.76 - 27.07)	24.42	(21.86 - 27.18)	0.921
Arkansas	21.71b	(19.24 - 24.40)	23.60	(21.10 - 26.31)	0.064
California	22.28	(20.89 - 23.72)	23.00	(21.60 - 24.46)	0.260
Colorado	26.21	(23.56 - 29.03)	27.76	(25.13 - 30.55)	0.143
Connecticut	26.65	(23.93 - 29.56)	26.47	(23.91 - 29.21)	0.875
Delaware	22.56a	(20.20 - 25.11)	24.80	(22.27 - 27.52)	0.025
District of Columbia	30.06	(27.24 - 33.04)	30.45	(27.71 - 33.33)	0.760
Florida	23.69	(22.26 - 25.18)	24.34	(22.84 - 25.91)	0.338
Georgia	21.04b	(18.52 - 23.80)	22.71	(20.29 - 25.33)	0.089
Hawaii	22.76	(20.09 - 25.66)	24.38	(21.62 - 27.38)	0.171
Idaho	23.28a	(20.78 - 25.99)	21.10	(18.77 - 23.64)	0.037
Illinois	27.22	(25.67 - 28.83)	27.99	(26.49 - 29.54)	0.257
Indiana	22.53	(20.18 - 25.06)	23.83	(21.47 - 26.35)	0.175
Iowa	28.86	(26.26 - 31.60)	29.36	(26.62 - 32.26)	0.662
Kansas	26.83	(24.23 - 29.60)	27.04	(24.42 - 29.83)	0.842
Kentucky	23.05	(20.70 - 25.58)	22.56	(20.21 - 25.10)	0.596
Louisiana	25.11	(22.43 - 28.01)	26.07	(23.37 - 28.97)	0.388
Maine	23.61	(21.09 - 26.33)	24.37	(21.79 - 27.14)	0.459
Maryland	21.53	(19.25 - 24.01)	22.39	(19.99 - 24.99)	0.391
Massachusetts	26.45b	(23.92 - 29.13)	28.24	(25.63 - 31.01)	0.086
Michigan	27.23	(25.82 - 28.70)	27.02	(25.57 - 28.51)	0.738
Minnesota	29.58	(26.83 - 32.47)	30.66	(27.87 - 33.59)	0.354
Mississippi	19.67	(17.37 - 22.19)	20.18	(17.85 - 22.73)	0.603
Missouri	25.36	(22.77 - 28.14)	25.88	(23.42 - 28.50)	0.613
Montana	30.01	(27.21 - 32.98)	28.44	(25.80 - 31.23)	0.182
Nebraska	28.33a	(25.66 - 31.17)	25.79	(23.19 - 28.57)	0.017
Nevada	25.30	(22.59 - 28.22)	25.83	(22.94 - 28.95)	0.653
New Hampshire	25.27b	(22.75 - 27.96)	27.16	(24.55 - 29.94)	0.073
New Jersey	23.50	(20.89 - 26.32)	24.08	(21.56 - 26.80)	0.580
New Mexico	21.57	(19.09 - 24.27)	22.17	(19.60 - 24.96)	0.560
New York	24.77	(23.25 - 26.36)	24.69	(23.19 - 26.25)	0.904
North Carolina	20.70	(18.29 - 23.33)	21.80	(19.36 - 24.46)	0.261
North Dakota	32.17	(29.40 - 35.08)	34.12	(31.30 - 37.05)	0.137
Ohio	26.05	(24.64 - 27.51)	26.96	(25.52 - 28.44)	0.163
Oklahoma	22.38	(19.96 - 25.00)	22.60	(20.00 - 25.44)	0.830
Oregon	22.70	(20.38 - 25.20)	22.92	(20.54 - 25.48)	0.826
Pennsylvania	24.52	(23.10 - 26.00)	25.01	(23.67 - 26.41)	0.470
Rhode Island	28.84	(26.07 - 31.77)	29.56	(26.74 - 32.55)	0.520
South Carolina	22.36	(19.94 - 24.97)	23.45	(20.95 - 26.15)	0.285
South Dakota	30.07	(27.35 - 32.92)	30.26	(27.68 - 32.98)	0.865
Tennessee	21.91	(19.40 - 24.65)	20.37	(18.08 - 22.87)	0.113
Texas	25.87a	(24.46 - 27.33)	24.53	(23.10 - 26.02)	0.045
Utah	18.66b	(16.25 - 21.33)	16.88	(14.68 - 19.35)	0.090
Vermont	27.40	(24.86 - 30.09)	26.91	(24.37 - 29.62)	0.648
Virginia	23.22	(20.80 - 25.84)	24.03	(21.66 - 26.56)	0.399
Washington	24.13	(21.59 - 26.87)	23.79	(21.37 - 26.38)	0.721
West Virginia	19.76	(17.56 - 22.15)	19.73	(17.43 - 22.25)	0.975
Wisconsin	31.36	(28.54 - 34.33)	30.69	(27.98 - 33.54)	0.578
Wyoming	26.54b	(23.92 - 29.34)	28.50	(25.88 - 31.26)	0.068

90309

Table 11. Perceptions of Great Risk of Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	42.02		42.44		0.109
Northeast	40.26	(39.17 - 41.37)	40.78	(39.71 - 41.85)	0.317
Midwest	37.63	(36.79 - 38.48)	38.21	(37.38 - 39.04)	0.141
South	44.72	(43.84 - 45.60)	45.03	(44.15 - 45.91)	0.441
West	43.47	(42.32 - 44.63)	43.80	(42.68 - 44.92)	0.550
Alabama	45.25	(41.71 - 48.83)	45.35	(42.13 - 48.61)	0.942
Alaska	37.26	(34.01 - 40.64)	37.91	(34.72 - 41.20)	0.654
Arizona	41.00	(37.45 - 44.65)	41.86	(38.51 - 45.28)	0.536
Arkansas	43.44b	(40.11 - 46.83)	41.18	(38.11 - 44.33)	0.100
California	46.20	(44.39 - 48.02)	46.00	(44.21 - 47.81)	0.817
Colorado	38.45	(35.14 - 41.87)	37.89	(34.72 - 41.17)	0.686
Connecticut	40.48	(36.91 - 44.16)	39.56	(36.24 - 42.97)	0.521
Delaware	41.61	(38.34 - 44.96)	40.59	(37.33 - 43.93)	0.492
District of Columbia	42.64	(39.53 - 45.81)	43.17	(40.01 - 46.39)	0.682
Florida	44.64	(42.72 - 46.58)	45.08	(43.19 - 46.99)	0.629
Georgia	47.80	(44.15 - 51.47)	46.73	(43.30 - 50.19)	0.473
Hawaii	42.12	(38.40 - 45.92)	43.19	(39.60 - 46.86)	0.524
Idaho	40.23	(36.91 - 43.64)	42.51	(39.33 - 45.76)	0.102
Illinois	38.98a	(37.22 - 40.77)	40.59	(38.74 - 42.46)	0.046
Indiana	40.36b	(37.19 - 43.62)	38.01	(35.01 - 41.11)	0.073
Iowa	35.20	(32.19 - 38.34)	36.07	(33.17 - 39.08)	0.512
Kansas	39.84	(36.56 - 43.21)	38.81	(35.61 - 42.11)	0.465
Kentucky	42.66	(39.33 - 46.05)	41.66	(38.57 - 44.83)	0.485
Louisiana	44.02	(40.54 - 47.55)	44.79	(41.36 - 48.28)	0.584
Maine	38.81	(35.48 - 42.25)	39.91	(36.52 - 43.39)	0.456
Maryland	45.03	(41.69 - 48.41)	44.40	(41.25 - 47.59)	0.649
Massachusetts	34.70	(31.50 - 38.04)	35.71	(32.55 - 38.99)	0.455
Michigan	38.24	(36.51 - 40.00)	38.54	(36.75 - 40.37)	0.723
Minnesota	33.54	(30.47 - 36.75)	34.78	(31.78 - 37.90)	0.338
Mississippi	47.58	(44.20 - 50.99)	47.78	(44.50 - 51.07)	0.889
Missouri	40.15	(36.75 - 43.65)	39.90	(36.78 - 43.11)	0.853
Montana	36.34a	(33.09 - 39.72)	39.41	(36.20 - 42.71)	0.030
Nebraska	37.11	(33.91 - 40.44)	37.72	(34.41 - 41.15)	0.665
Nevada	42.10	(38.68 - 45.59)	43.17	(39.75 - 46.67)	0.458
New Hampshire	34.22	(31.09 - 37.49)	33.40	(30.30 - 36.64)	0.538
New Jersey	43.58	(40.11 - 47.12)	44.69	(41.45 - 47.97)	0.459
New Mexico	48.56	(45.18 - 51.95)	48.60	(45.03 - 52.18)	0.977
New York	42.98	(41.13 - 44.86)	42.97	(41.03 - 44.94)	0.989
North Carolina	46.11	(42.33 - 49.94)	45.92	(42.48 - 49.40)	0.901
North Dakota	33.84	(30.71 - 37.12)	35.35	(32.26 - 38.58)	0.280
Ohio	37.79	(36.08 - 39.53)	38.64	(36.93 - 40.38)	0.295
Oklahoma	43.19	(39.76 - 46.69)	44.09	(40.59 - 47.65)	0.531
Oregon	39.42	(36.23 - 42.70)	38.60	(35.52 - 41.78)	0.542
Pennsylvania	37.77	(35.99 - 39.57)	38.98	(37.20 - 40.79)	0.163
Rhode Island	39.32	(35.92 - 42.83)	38.40	(35.18 - 41.72)	0.506
South Carolina	44.43	(41.01 - 47.91)	44.29	(41.04 - 47.58)	0.916
South Dakota	33.99	(30.89 - 37.23)	35.59	(32.56 - 38.74)	0.250
Tennessee	42.08a	(38.58 - 45.67)	46.17	(42.73 - 49.65)	0.006
Texas	44.82	(43.04 - 46.62)	45.57	(43.72 - 47.43)	0.370
Utah	46.81	(43.17 - 50.49)	49.45	(45.91 - 53.01)	0.103
Vermont	35.16	(31.98 - 38.48)	36.32	(33.01 - 39.77)	0.421
Virginia	43.11	(39.76 - 46.52)	44.30	(41.23 - 47.41)	0.396
Washington	37.71	(34.54 - 41.00)	39.78	(36.57 - 43.07)	0.122
West Virginia	45.19a	(41.67 - 48.75)	41.77	(38.40 - 45.21)	0.026
Wisconsin	32.70	(29.57 - 36.00)	34.65	(31.64 - 37.80)	0.164
Wyoming	37.53	(34.18 - 41.00)	37.89	(34.86 - 41.02)	0.800

90309

Table 12. Tobacco Product Use in Past Month among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	31.42		31.00		0.161
Northeast	29.74a	(28.72 - 30.78)	28.69	(27.75 - 29.65)	0.032
Midwest	34.38	(33.50 - 35.27)	33.85	(33.06 - 34.65)	0.193
South	33.49	(32.62 - 34.37)	33.12	(32.36 - 33.90)	0.361
West	26.64	(25.62 - 27.68)	26.77	(25.81 - 27.74)	0.797
Alabama	35.64	(32.55 - 38.86)	36.36	(33.47 - 39.35)	0.586
Alaska	31.98	(29.27 - 34.83)	32.34	(29.44 - 35.38)	0.782
Arizona	29.75	(26.80 - 32.88)	30.67	(27.90 - 33.57)	0.467
Arkansas	37.86	(34.58 - 41.27)	37.57	(34.66 - 40.58)	0.831
California	24.29	(22.77 - 25.87)	24.42	(22.94 - 25.96)	0.862
Colorado	27.84a	(25.10 - 30.75)	31.38	(28.83 - 34.06)	0.006
Connecticut	26.81	(23.92 - 29.91)	27.78	(25.14 - 30.57)	0.446
Delaware	29.97	(27.15 - 32.95)	30.07	(27.37 - 32.91)	0.939
District of Columbia	30.33	(27.62 - 33.18)	29.92	(27.36 - 32.62)	0.735
Florida	29.86	(28.17 - 31.62)	30.61	(29.00 - 32.27)	0.331
Georgia	31.34	(28.37 - 34.47)	32.94	(30.08 - 35.93)	0.194
Hawaii	23.65	(20.85 - 26.70)	24.28	(21.55 - 27.23)	0.648
Idaho	29.73b	(26.91 - 32.70)	27.39	(24.80 - 30.14)	0.057
Illinois	32.14	(30.49 - 33.82)	31.88	(30.30 - 33.50)	0.744
Indiana	35.64	(32.75 - 38.64)	35.67	(32.93 - 38.50)	0.981
Iowa	33.14	(30.46 - 35.93)	32.25	(29.60 - 35.02)	0.462
Kansas	34.88	(32.01 - 37.87)	34.21	(31.39 - 37.14)	0.594
Kentucky	40.05	(37.03 - 43.14)	39.00	(36.03 - 42.05)	0.437
Louisiana	35.48	(32.31 - 38.78)	35.00	(31.98 - 38.15)	0.725
Maine	32.56	(29.72 - 35.54)	32.55	(29.57 - 35.69)	0.995
Maryland	27.29	(24.66 - 30.08)	27.78	(25.25 - 30.47)	0.664
Massachusetts	29.88b	(27.10 - 32.82)	27.65	(25.04 - 30.43)	0.058
Michigan	34.85a	(33.24 - 36.50)	32.60	(31.01 - 34.22)	0.005
Minnesota	31.81	(29.03 - 34.73)	32.66	(29.95 - 35.49)	0.509
Mississippi	35.68	(32.68 - 38.78)	35.07	(32.27 - 37.98)	0.632
Missouri	37.70	(34.53 - 40.97)	35.94	(33.23 - 38.74)	0.176
Montana	35.98a	(32.91 - 39.18)	32.52	(29.84 - 35.32)	0.012
Nebraska	32.20	(29.25 - 35.30)	31.58	(28.74 - 34.58)	0.615
Nevada	33.21	(30.08 - 36.50)	31.69	(28.72 - 34.81)	0.306
New Hampshire	28.61	(25.86 - 31.52)	28.59	(26.05 - 31.26)	0.986
New Jersey	26.83	(24.05 - 29.82)	27.42	(24.74 - 30.28)	0.657
New Mexico	30.25	(27.37 - 33.29)	29.92	(27.14 - 32.84)	0.800
New York	29.13a	(27.51 - 30.81)	27.07	(25.50 - 28.69)	0.008
North Carolina	33.27	(30.19 - 36.49)	32.94	(30.05 - 35.97)	0.816
North Dakota	32.50	(29.55 - 35.59)	32.21	(29.44 - 35.11)	0.825
Ohio	35.68	(34.00 - 37.40)	36.25	(34.61 - 37.91)	0.461
Oklahoma	39.20	(35.94 - 42.57)	38.58	(35.57 - 41.68)	0.636
Oregon	28.50	(25.84 - 31.32)	28.93	(26.37 - 31.64)	0.722
Pennsylvania	33.06	(31.40 - 34.76)	32.09	(30.54 - 33.67)	0.212
Rhode Island	30.69	(27.78 - 33.77)	31.57	(28.85 - 34.43)	0.467
South Carolina	36.03	(33.04 - 39.13)	35.71	(32.77 - 38.77)	0.813
South Dakota	34.35	(31.49 - 37.34)	33.28	(30.69 - 35.98)	0.382
Tennessee	40.40b	(37.08 - 43.81)	37.74	(34.85 - 40.73)	0.066
Texas	33.05b	(31.38 - 34.77)	31.76	(30.12 - 33.45)	0.092
Utah	23.75b	(21.00 - 26.73)	21.59	(19.25 - 24.14)	0.063
Vermont	31.33	(28.40 - 34.41)	30.99	(28.17 - 33.95)	0.800
Virginia	30.95	(28.04 - 34.02)	30.08	(27.53 - 32.76)	0.480
Washington	29.41	(26.61 - 32.38)	28.45	(25.84 - 31.21)	0.414
West Virginia	42.76a	(39.33 - 46.27)	39.88	(36.87 - 42.96)	0.048
Wisconsin	34.77	(31.85 - 37.81)	34.26	(31.42 - 37.22)	0.700
Wyoming	36.43	(33.31 - 39.68)	38.37	(35.41 - 41.42)	0.192

90309

Table 13. Cigarette Use in Past Month among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	26.62		26.29		0.273
Northeast	25.48a	(24.49 - 26.49)	24.37	(23.42 - 25.34)	0.021
Midwest	29.10	(28.23 - 29.98)	28.68	(27.88 - 29.50)	0.323
South	27.97	(27.14 - 28.82)	27.88	(27.09 - 28.69)	0.818
West	22.99	(22.00 - 24.02)	23.01	(22.10 - 23.96)	0.966
Alabama	29.37	(26.52 - 32.38)	30.51	(27.69 - 33.48)	0.366
Alaska	26.27	(23.77 - 28.94)	26.60	(24.00 - 29.37)	0.771
Arizona	25.18	(22.61 - 27.93)	26.74	(24.11 - 29.53)	0.184
Arkansas	30.82	(27.88 - 33.93)	31.49	(28.72 - 34.40)	0.610
California	21.39	(19.94 - 22.91)	21.37	(20.02 - 22.78)	0.978
Colorado	23.40a	(20.97 - 26.02)	25.92	(23.41 - 28.60)	0.029
Connecticut	22.62	(20.05 - 25.40)	22.22	(19.70 - 24.97)	0.741
Delaware	25.97	(23.32 - 28.81)	26.34	(23.71 - 29.14)	0.763
District of Columbia	27.14	(24.60 - 29.84)	27.33	(24.74 - 30.09)	0.877
Florida	25.20	(23.59 - 26.89)	26.07	(24.50 - 27.70)	0.270
Georgia	24.86	(22.13 - 27.81)	26.36	(23.67 - 29.24)	0.204
Hawaii	21.01	(18.34 - 23.97)	22.03	(19.42 - 24.89)	0.432
Idaho	25.13a	(22.54 - 27.92)	22.96	(20.63 - 25.48)	0.050
Illinois	27.67	(26.11 - 29.28)	27.33	(25.72 - 29.00)	0.658
Indiana	30.15	(27.40 - 33.04)	29.83	(27.27 - 32.53)	0.789
Iowa	26.72	(24.16 - 29.45)	26.63	(24.11 - 29.30)	0.933
Kansas	28.28	(25.53 - 31.19)	27.44	(24.81 - 30.23)	0.494
Kentucky	32.37	(29.34 - 35.56)	31.93	(29.07 - 34.94)	0.737
Louisiana	29.10	(26.21 - 32.17)	29.05	(26.33 - 31.93)	0.967
Maine	28.49	(25.72 - 31.42)	28.54	(25.74 - 31.51)	0.970
Maryland	23.49	(21.04 - 26.12)	23.81	(21.40 - 26.40)	0.778
Massachusetts	25.06a	(22.50 - 27.82)	22.58	(20.20 - 25.15)	0.030
Michigan	30.00a	(28.39 - 31.65)	27.57	(26.10 - 29.09)	0.001
Minnesota	26.43	(23.87 - 29.17)	26.95	(24.47 - 29.59)	0.647
Mississippi	29.17	(26.32 - 32.18)	28.56	(25.86 - 31.42)	0.620
Missouri	31.52	(28.67 - 34.52)	31.18	(28.38 - 34.12)	0.793
Montana	29.08a	(26.31 - 32.02)	25.13	(22.64 - 27.80)	0.001
Nebraska	27.34	(24.56 - 30.31)	27.08	(24.37 - 29.97)	0.826
Nevada	28.81	(25.85 - 31.96)	28.78	(25.80 - 31.96)	0.987
New Hampshire	24.27	(21.71 - 27.02)	24.70	(22.22 - 27.36)	0.700
New Jersey	22.21	(19.64 - 25.00)	23.36	(20.78 - 26.16)	0.339
New Mexico	25.79	(22.99 - 28.82)	24.95	(22.31 - 27.78)	0.516
New York	25.83a	(24.25 - 27.47)	23.94	(22.37 - 25.58)	0.012
North Carolina	28.02	(25.30 - 30.91)	27.49	(24.75 - 30.41)	0.680
North Dakota	26.58	(23.94 - 29.41)	26.67	(24.19 - 29.31)	0.942
Ohio	30.30	(28.69 - 31.97)	30.75	(29.14 - 32.41)	0.559
Oklahoma	33.41	(30.24 - 36.73)	32.63	(29.39 - 36.04)	0.570
Oregon	24.01	(21.49 - 26.73)	24.20	(21.81 - 26.77)	0.866
Pennsylvania	27.89b	(26.26 - 29.58)	26.53	(25.02 - 28.10)	0.076
Rhode Island	26.17	(23.57 - 28.95)	26.80	(24.26 - 29.51)	0.577
South Carolina	31.85	(28.92 - 34.93)	31.34	(28.49 - 34.34)	0.693
South Dakota	27.82	(25.10 - 30.72)	27.39	(24.82 - 30.12)	0.713
Tennessee	33.85	(30.67 - 37.18)	32.38	(29.45 - 35.45)	0.305
Texas	27.60	(26.02 - 29.24)	26.89	(25.34 - 28.51)	0.310
Utah	20.83	(18.29 - 23.63)	19.02	(16.72 - 21.55)	0.111
Vermont	26.33	(23.63 - 29.22)	24.72	(22.17 - 27.47)	0.199
Virginia	26.44	(23.77 - 29.30)	25.54	(23.00 - 28.25)	0.436
Washington	24.83	(22.27 - 27.58)	23.27	(20.88 - 25.85)	0.164
West Virginia	34.20	(30.96 - 37.59)	32.89	(29.99 - 35.94)	0.336
Wisconsin	29.71	(26.93 - 32.66)	29.86	(27.13 - 32.74)	0.911
Wyoming	29.24	(26.43 - 32.22)	31.04	(28.26 - 33.97)	0.172

90309

Table 14. Perceptions of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	74.79		74.45		0.182
Northeast	76.62	(75.69 - 77.53)	77.02	(76.09 - 77.92)	0.345
Midwest	72.01	(71.17 - 72.83)	71.57	(70.76 - 72.37)	0.253
South	73.89	(73.09 - 74.67)	73.49	(72.72 - 74.25)	0.258
West	77.47b	(76.42 - 78.48)	76.65	(75.67 - 77.60)	0.081
Alabama	72.03	(68.98 - 74.89)	70.32	(67.19 - 73.27)	0.173
Alaska	72.71	(69.81 - 75.43)	71.71	(68.73 - 74.51)	0.390
Arizona	76.10	(73.20 - 78.79)	74.71	(71.90 - 77.33)	0.211
Arkansas	71.85	(68.79 - 74.72)	72.09	(69.32 - 74.71)	0.831
California	79.03	(77.47 - 80.51)	78.23	(76.68 - 79.70)	0.232
Colorado	76.63	(73.83 - 79.22)	75.35	(72.56 - 77.94)	0.262
Connecticut	78.41	(75.49 - 81.07)	79.13	(76.43 - 81.60)	0.518
Delaware	74.77	(71.84 - 77.48)	74.57	(71.57 - 77.35)	0.865
District of Columbia	78.94	(76.18 - 81.45)	79.65	(77.13 - 81.96)	0.475
Florida	76.76b	(75.11 - 78.33)	75.52	(73.92 - 77.06)	0.072
Georgia	75.70	(72.63 - 78.53)	74.47	(71.61 - 77.13)	0.272
Hawaii	75.48	(72.24 - 78.45)	75.17	(72.00 - 78.10)	0.822
Idaho	74.18	(71.25 - 76.90)	75.15	(72.29 - 77.80)	0.398
Illinois	75.54	(73.93 - 77.08)	75.30	(73.72 - 76.82)	0.742
Indiana	69.68	(66.62 - 72.57)	69.60	(66.66 - 72.39)	0.945
Iowa	70.42	(67.50 - 73.17)	71.44	(68.65 - 74.08)	0.383
Kansas	71.36	(68.37 - 74.17)	70.55	(67.60 - 73.33)	0.503
Kentucky	68.30	(65.28 - 71.18)	69.13	(66.22 - 71.89)	0.491
Louisiana	73.40	(70.40 - 76.20)	73.54	(70.57 - 76.32)	0.902
Maine	71.86	(68.89 - 74.65)	73.00	(69.96 - 75.84)	0.345
Maryland	75.29	(72.40 - 77.96)	75.42	(72.66 - 77.99)	0.903
Massachusetts	75.64	(72.73 - 78.33)	75.89	(73.08 - 78.49)	0.823
Michigan	73.45	(71.85 - 74.99)	73.30	(71.68 - 74.85)	0.836
Minnesota	72.43	(69.51 - 75.18)	72.36	(69.48 - 75.06)	0.950
Mississippi	73.34	(70.47 - 76.02)	72.44	(69.52 - 75.17)	0.433
Missouri	70.02	(66.85 - 73.00)	69.65	(66.59 - 72.54)	0.771
Montana	71.80a	(68.72 - 74.69)	75.27	(72.58 - 77.77)	0.003
Nebraska	71.36	(68.37 - 74.17)	71.35	(68.23 - 74.27)	0.992
Nevada	72.26	(69.13 - 75.19)	72.45	(69.31 - 75.38)	0.880
New Hampshire	73.90	(71.03 - 76.59)	74.91	(72.03 - 77.59)	0.367
New Jersey	77.93	(75.21 - 80.43)	78.28	(75.68 - 80.68)	0.736
New Mexico	76.01	(73.09 - 78.72)	75.35	(72.40 - 78.08)	0.578
New York	78.14	(76.51 - 79.67)	78.71	(77.11 - 80.22)	0.435
North Carolina	73.31	(70.12 - 76.27)	74.59	(71.73 - 77.24)	0.286
North Dakota	67.38	(64.03 - 70.56)	69.49	(66.44 - 72.37)	0.109
Ohio	70.93a	(69.29 - 72.53)	69.12	(67.39 - 70.80)	0.020
Oklahoma	69.19	(65.87 - 72.32)	69.16	(65.81 - 72.32)	0.980
Oregon	77.46	(74.73 - 79.97)	75.63	(72.84 - 78.23)	0.104
Pennsylvania	74.21	(72.62 - 75.74)	74.21	(72.67 - 75.70)	0.997
Rhode Island	77.01	(74.25 - 79.55)	77.42	(74.75 - 79.89)	0.698
South Carolina	70.69b	(67.62 - 73.58)	72.72	(69.83 - 75.42)	0.098
South Dakota	72.91	(70.11 - 75.53)	71.56	(68.73 - 74.23)	0.246
Tennessee	71.32	(68.21 - 74.24)	71.87	(69.03 - 74.55)	0.653
Texas	74.73b	(73.11 - 76.29)	73.45	(71.82 - 75.02)	0.084
Utah	78.67	(75.64 - 81.42)	77.28	(74.59 - 79.77)	0.245
Vermont	75.76	(72.84 - 78.45)	75.84	(73.04 - 78.45)	0.940
Virginia	74.53	(71.62 - 77.24)	74.56	(71.71 - 77.22)	0.978
Washington	75.62	(72.88 - 78.18)	74.83	(71.93 - 77.52)	0.452
West Virginia	67.99	(64.76 - 71.05)	67.81	(64.70 - 70.77)	0.889
Wisconsin	69.72	(66.56 - 72.71)	69.44	(66.42 - 72.29)	0.829
Wyoming	71.41	(68.38 - 74.26)	71.12	(68.26 - 73.82)	0.811

90309

Table 15. Alcohol Dependence or Abuse in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	7.91		7.83		0.521
Northeast	7.34	(6.89 - 7.82)	7.27	(6.83 - 7.73)	0.696
Midwest	8.55	(8.16 - 8.96)	8.66	(8.27 - 9.06)	0.549
South	7.48	(7.10 - 7.89)	7.31	(6.94 - 7.70)	0.333
West	8.43	(7.91 - 8.98)	8.31	(7.81 - 8.84)	0.603
Alabama	6.64	(5.43 - 8.10)	6.47	(5.34 - 7.82)	0.723
Alaska	8.03	(6.74 - 9.53)	8.03	(6.72 - 9.57)	0.988
Arizona	8.44	(7.08 - 10.03)	7.72	(6.45 - 9.21)	0.144
Arkansas	8.02	(6.74 - 9.51)	8.31	(6.99 - 9.86)	0.567
California	8.58	(7.74 - 9.49)	8.48	(7.69 - 9.34)	0.784
Colorado	9.35	(7.84 - 11.12)	9.88	(8.43 - 11.55)	0.363
Connecticut	8.77	(7.34 - 10.44)	8.64	(7.32 - 10.18)	0.819
Delaware	6.90	(5.72 - 8.30)	6.94	(5.78 - 8.30)	0.925
District of Columbia	10.39	(8.89 - 12.10)	10.58	(9.04 - 12.34)	0.757
Florida	7.76	(6.94 - 8.67)	7.24	(6.50 - 8.06)	0.165
Georgia	7.07	(5.83 - 8.56)	7.06	(5.83 - 8.52)	0.970
Hawaii	7.32a	(5.99 - 8.92)	9.19	(7.48 - 11.25)	0.012
Idaho	8.23	(6.93 - 9.74)	7.88	(6.65 - 9.32)	0.480
Illinois	7.92	(7.12 - 8.81)	8.51	(7.73 - 9.37)	0.111
Indiana	8.01	(6.82 - 9.37)	7.54	(6.41 - 8.85)	0.298
Iowa	9.11	(7.77 - 10.64)	9.45	(8.04 - 11.08)	0.532
Kansas	8.58	(7.29 - 10.08)	8.78	(7.46 - 10.31)	0.699
Kentucky	6.34	(5.20 - 7.71)	6.35	(5.29 - 7.61)	0.970
Louisiana	7.58	(6.29 - 9.12)	7.74	(6.49 - 9.22)	0.752
Maine	7.67	(6.38 - 9.19)	7.67	(6.47 - 9.08)	0.991
Maryland	7.15b	(5.96 - 8.54)	7.99	(6.78 - 9.40)	0.099
Massachusetts	8.48	(7.14 - 10.03)	9.27	(7.82 - 10.96)	0.189
Michigan	8.69	(7.92 - 9.54)	8.44	(7.68 - 9.26)	0.447
Minnesota	9.54	(8.09 - 11.23)	9.71	(8.32 - 11.31)	0.773
Mississippi	6.72	(5.53 - 8.14)	6.60	(5.42 - 8.01)	0.786
Missouri	9.05	(7.72 - 10.58)	8.28	(7.03 - 9.73)	0.124
Montana	10.80	(9.10 - 12.77)	9.77	(8.41 - 11.33)	0.142
Nebraska	9.97	(8.52 - 11.63)	9.12	(7.81 - 10.62)	0.117
Nevada	8.35	(6.99 - 9.95)	8.43	(7.01 - 10.11)	0.879
New Hampshire	8.37	(6.96 - 10.03)	8.55	(7.24 - 10.08)	0.723
New Jersey	6.40	(5.22 - 7.83)	6.67	(5.54 - 8.01)	0.537
New Mexico	8.35	(6.97 - 9.97)	8.22	(6.91 - 9.74)	0.790
New York	7.15	(6.38 - 8.01)	6.84	(6.13 - 7.63)	0.333
North Carolina	6.80	(5.59 - 8.25)	6.70	(5.57 - 8.02)	0.823
North Dakota	9.48	(8.10 - 11.07)	10.23	(8.86 - 11.77)	0.213
Ohio	8.05	(7.28 - 8.89)	8.42	(7.62 - 9.29)	0.294
Oklahoma	7.68	(6.35 - 9.25)	7.20	(5.94 - 8.71)	0.332
Oregon	6.85	(5.68 - 8.24)	6.74	(5.62 - 8.06)	0.806
Pennsylvania	6.93	(6.20 - 7.73)	6.54	(5.85 - 7.31)	0.216
Rhode Island	9.00	(7.55 - 10.69)	8.77	(7.37 - 10.41)	0.636
South Carolina	7.60	(6.31 - 9.13)	7.87	(6.64 - 9.30)	0.622
South Dakota	10.42	(8.86 - 12.22)	9.88	(8.52 - 11.42)	0.333
Tennessee	6.97	(5.75 - 8.42)	7.69	(6.48 - 9.11)	0.123
Texas	8.34a	(7.54 - 9.21)	7.50	(6.76 - 8.32)	0.008
Utah	7.73b	(6.51 - 9.16)	6.86	(5.66 - 8.28)	0.075
Vermont	9.02	(7.69 - 10.55)	8.40	(7.11 - 9.90)	0.255
Virginia	7.38	(6.17 - 8.81)	7.59	(6.38 - 9.00)	0.665
Washington	8.05	(6.78 - 9.53)	7.85	(6.63 - 9.26)	0.673
West Virginia	6.50	(5.37 - 7.85)	6.30	(5.26 - 7.53)	0.648
Wisconsin	8.79	(7.47 - 10.30)	9.60	(8.20 - 11.20)	0.124
Wyoming	9.42	(8.01 - 11.05)	9.73	(8.35 - 11.31)	0.607

90309

Table 16. Alcohol Dependence in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Dependence is based on the definition found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	3.50		3.57		0.495
Northeast	3.32	(3.02 - 3.66)	3.29	(2.98 - 3.63)	0.795
Midwest	3.62	(3.36 - 3.89)	3.75	(3.49 - 4.03)	0.283
South	3.26	(3.01 - 3.53)	3.36	(3.11 - 3.63)	0.403
West	3.92	(3.55 - 4.31)	3.96	(3.59 - 4.36)	0.795
Alabama	3.05	(2.30 - 4.02)	3.07	(2.38 - 3.96)	0.931
Alaska	4.41	(3.43 - 5.64)	4.15	(3.24 - 5.31)	0.503
Arizona	4.16	(3.21 - 5.39)	3.90	(3.07 - 4.94)	0.449
Arkansas	3.53	(2.73 - 4.54)	3.93	(3.10 - 4.96)	0.227
California	4.06	(3.51 - 4.68)	4.11	(3.54 - 4.76)	0.837
Colorado	3.91	(3.09 - 4.95)	4.01	(3.20 - 5.03)	0.767
Connecticut	3.48	(2.70 - 4.46)	3.79	(3.00 - 4.77)	0.314
Delaware	3.00	(2.28 - 3.93)	3.29	(2.56 - 4.22)	0.292
District of Columbia	4.89	(3.88 - 6.14)	4.97	(3.94 - 6.25)	0.846
Florida	3.17	(2.69 - 3.73)	3.40	(2.91 - 3.97)	0.305
Georgia	3.21	(2.43 - 4.23)	3.40	(2.61 - 4.43)	0.542
Hawaii	3.67	(2.74 - 4.88)	4.34	(3.25 - 5.76)	0.160
Idaho	3.45	(2.74 - 4.34)	3.36	(2.68 - 4.22)	0.766
Illinois	3.69	(3.16 - 4.30)	3.67	(3.15 - 4.27)	0.945
Indiana	3.41	(2.73 - 4.27)	3.55	(2.82 - 4.45)	0.640
Iowa	3.96	(3.13 - 5.00)	4.07	(3.25 - 5.09)	0.739
Kansas	3.87	(3.10 - 4.83)	4.07	(3.27 - 5.06)	0.539
Kentucky	2.88	(2.21 - 3.76)	3.05	(2.39 - 3.88)	0.549
Louisiana	3.33	(2.55 - 4.34)	3.58	(2.82 - 4.54)	0.426
Maine	3.34	(2.58 - 4.30)	3.48	(2.74 - 4.41)	0.621
Maryland	2.74b	(2.08 - 3.62)	3.31	(2.62 - 4.19)	0.057
Massachusetts	3.91	(3.04 - 5.01)	3.60	(2.83 - 4.56)	0.317
Michigan	3.87	(3.36 - 4.46)	3.85	(3.33 - 4.45)	0.932
Minnesota	3.83	(3.01 - 4.87)	3.91	(3.09 - 4.93)	0.809
Mississippi	3.25	(2.55 - 4.13)	3.04	(2.36 - 3.92)	0.476
Missouri	3.73	(2.96 - 4.69)	3.70	(2.92 - 4.67)	0.918
Montana	4.56	(3.48 - 5.95)	4.40	(3.52 - 5.47)	0.730
Nebraska	3.85	(3.10 - 4.78)	3.64	(2.92 - 4.55)	0.455
Nevada	3.59	(2.80 - 4.59)	3.68	(2.89 - 4.68)	0.753
New Hampshire	3.52	(2.77 - 4.47)	3.62	(2.91 - 4.50)	0.707
New Jersey	3.03	(2.33 - 3.94)	3.01	(2.33 - 3.89)	0.952
New Mexico	4.07	(3.11 - 5.31)	4.02	(3.15 - 5.12)	0.892
New York	3.36	(2.85 - 3.97)	3.38	(2.88 - 3.97)	0.925
North Carolina	3.18	(2.45 - 4.11)	2.93	(2.28 - 3.77)	0.423
North Dakota	3.62	(2.87 - 4.56)	3.84	(3.09 - 4.75)	0.493
Ohio	3.23b	(2.77 - 3.76)	3.58	(3.09 - 4.14)	0.100
Oklahoma	3.22	(2.48 - 4.17)	3.55	(2.78 - 4.52)	0.289
Oregon	3.11	(2.47 - 3.91)	3.19	(2.53 - 4.02)	0.755
Pennsylvania	3.02	(2.56 - 3.56)	2.88	(2.44 - 3.41)	0.507
Rhode Island	4.10	(3.24 - 5.18)	4.08	(3.20 - 5.18)	0.942
South Carolina	3.34	(2.61 - 4.26)	3.69	(2.91 - 4.67)	0.280
South Dakota	3.69	(2.94 - 4.61)	3.65	(2.94 - 4.51)	0.899
Tennessee	2.98	(2.31 - 3.84)	3.31	(2.61 - 4.19)	0.252
Texas	3.65	(3.15 - 4.23)	3.48	(2.98 - 4.05)	0.397
Utah	3.88	(3.08 - 4.89)	3.61	(2.87 - 4.54)	0.362
Vermont	3.35	(2.63 - 4.25)	3.61	(2.85 - 4.56)	0.408
Virginia	3.33	(2.61 - 4.25)	3.29	(2.61 - 4.13)	0.878
Washington	3.52	(2.75 - 4.48)	3.80	(2.99 - 4.80)	0.371
West Virginia	2.90	(2.30 - 3.65)	3.10	(2.44 - 3.94)	0.424
Wisconsin	3.32a	(2.63 - 4.20)	3.95	(3.16 - 4.93)	0.043
Wyoming	3.62b	(2.89 - 4.53)	4.18	(3.33 - 5.24)	0.074

90309

Table 17. Illicit Drug Dependence or Abuse in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically; these estimates are based on data from original questions, excluding those on the use of over-the-counter drugs or new methamphetamine items that were added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.6 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. NOTE: Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	2.62		2.62		0.965
Northeast	2.62	(2.40 - 2.86)	2.56	(2.33 - 2.82)	0.577
Midwest	2.55	(2.36 - 2.75)	2.55	(2.37 - 2.75)	0.947
South	2.65	(2.46 - 2.86)	2.70	(2.51 - 2.91)	0.597
West	2.65	(2.40 - 2.93)	2.60	(2.35 - 2.86)	0.625
Alabama	2.64	(2.04 - 3.42)	2.89	(2.19 - 3.80)	0.437
Alaska	3.09	(2.36 - 4.05)	2.98	(2.31 - 3.82)	0.698
Arizona	2.50	(1.92 - 3.26)	2.73	(2.08 - 3.58)	0.395
Arkansas	2.93	(2.30 - 3.72)	2.97	(2.27 - 3.87)	0.891
California	2.67	(2.27 - 3.13)	2.50	(2.14 - 2.93)	0.320
Colorado	2.95	(2.30 - 3.77)	3.01	(2.30 - 3.94)	0.846
Connecticut	2.86	(2.25 - 3.63)	2.56	(1.98 - 3.31)	0.300
Delaware	2.91	(2.30 - 3.68)	3.02	(2.32 - 3.92)	0.698
District of Columbia	4.26	(3.27 - 5.51)	4.55	(3.51 - 5.89)	0.526
Florida	2.68	(2.29 - 3.14)	2.55	(2.16 - 3.00)	0.482
Georgia	2.74	(2.10 - 3.56)	2.94	(2.21 - 3.90)	0.486
Hawaii	2.19	(1.59 - 3.01)	1.99	(1.45 - 2.72)	0.502
Idaho	2.73	(2.16 - 3.44)	2.54	(1.97 - 3.26)	0.405
Illinois	2.66	(2.27 - 3.11)	2.45	(2.08 - 2.89)	0.213
Indiana	2.63	(2.08 - 3.31)	2.75	(2.16 - 3.49)	0.627
Iowa	1.90	(1.40 - 2.58)	1.87	(1.40 - 2.49)	0.864
Kansas	2.62a	(2.03 - 3.38)	2.02	(1.50 - 2.71)	0.007
Kentucky	2.27a	(1.74 - 2.97)	2.81	(2.17 - 3.62)	0.039
Louisiana	2.69	(2.06 - 3.50)	2.93	(2.26 - 3.80)	0.416
Maine	2.74	(2.18 - 3.44)	2.81	(2.16 - 3.65)	0.813
Maryland	2.40	(1.83 - 3.15)	2.82	(2.18 - 3.63)	0.150
Massachusetts	2.66	(2.11 - 3.33)	2.63	(2.05 - 3.38)	0.926
Michigan	2.73	(2.36 - 3.16)	2.65	(2.30 - 3.07)	0.644
Minnesota	2.39	(1.85 - 3.08)	2.39	(1.85 - 3.07)	0.994
Mississippi	2.94	(2.30 - 3.74)	2.72	(2.08 - 3.55)	0.429
Missouri	2.49	(1.94 - 3.20)	2.62	(2.04 - 3.36)	0.616
Montana	2.81	(2.22 - 3.54)	2.81	(2.18 - 3.61)	0.993
Nebraska	2.19	(1.67 - 2.86)	2.09	(1.56 - 2.79)	0.659
Nevada	2.46	(1.88 - 3.20)	2.49	(1.88 - 3.29)	0.881
New Hampshire	2.47	(1.92 - 3.17)	2.69	(2.10 - 3.43)	0.419
New Jersey	2.06	(1.56 - 2.70)	2.10	(1.58 - 2.78)	0.840
New Mexico	2.39b	(1.84 - 3.09)	2.93	(2.25 - 3.81)	0.052
New York	2.96	(2.52 - 3.47)	2.95	(2.52 - 3.46)	0.968
North Carolina	2.83	(2.19 - 3.65)	2.67	(2.08 - 3.43)	0.516
North Dakota	2.05	(1.55 - 2.72)	1.97	(1.49 - 2.60)	0.704
Ohio	2.73	(2.33 - 3.20)	3.00	(2.58 - 3.49)	0.143
Oklahoma	2.55	(1.94 - 3.35)	2.49	(1.85 - 3.34)	0.826
Oregon	2.35	(1.82 - 3.02)	2.53	(1.93 - 3.31)	0.489
Pennsylvania	2.30b	(1.96 - 2.70)	2.06	(1.73 - 2.45)	0.096
Rhode Island	3.47	(2.78 - 4.32)	4.04	(3.16 - 5.17)	0.149
South Carolina	2.80	(2.19 - 3.58)	3.06	(2.35 - 3.97)	0.399
South Dakota	2.06	(1.57 - 2.69)	1.93	(1.46 - 2.53)	0.511
Tennessee	2.84	(2.23 - 3.60)	2.82	(2.18 - 3.63)	0.934
Texas	2.58	(2.20 - 3.02)	2.51	(2.12 - 2.96)	0.696
Utah	2.83	(2.22 - 3.60)	2.68	(2.10 - 3.41)	0.591
Vermont	2.94	(2.39 - 3.62)	2.76	(2.19 - 3.49)	0.491
Virginia	2.31	(1.79 - 2.98)	2.56	(1.98 - 3.30)	0.287
Washington	2.74	(2.15 - 3.49)	2.69	(2.10 - 3.43)	0.827
West Virginia	2.70	(2.15 - 3.38)	2.57	(1.99 - 3.32)	0.608
Wisconsin	2.25	(1.72 - 2.95)	2.46	(1.85 - 3.27)	0.456
Wyoming	2.59	(2.04 - 3.28)	2.54	(2.01 - 3.20)	0.831

90309

Table 18. Illicit Drug Dependence in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically; these estimates are based on data from original questions, excluding those on the use of over-the-counter drugs or new methamphetamine items that were added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.6 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. NOTE: Dependence is based on the definition found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	1.88		1.87		0.940
Northeast	1.95	(1.75 - 2.18)	1.87	(1.68 - 2.08)	0.389
Midwest	1.83	(1.66 - 2.01)	1.83	(1.67 - 2.00)	0.982
South	1.86	(1.70 - 2.03)	1.91	(1.75 - 2.08)	0.539
West	1.91	(1.69 - 2.15)	1.87	(1.67 - 2.10)	0.725
Alabama	1.93	(1.46 - 2.55)	1.90	(1.44 - 2.50)	0.875
Alaska	2.38	(1.75 - 3.23)	2.17	(1.64 - 2.88)	0.445
Arizona	1.73	(1.28 - 2.33)	1.76	(1.32 - 2.35)	0.881
Arkansas	2.06	(1.58 - 2.68)	2.12	(1.61 - 2.79)	0.790
California	1.93	(1.60 - 2.31)	1.88	(1.57 - 2.25)	0.752
Colorado	2.18	(1.65 - 2.89)	2.05	(1.52 - 2.77)	0.642
Connecticut	2.19	(1.69 - 2.84)	1.89	(1.45 - 2.45)	0.165
Delaware	2.08	(1.59 - 2.71)	2.07	(1.58 - 2.70)	0.958
District of Columbia	3.46	(2.51 - 4.76)	3.22	(2.42 - 4.29)	0.567
Florida	1.84	(1.53 - 2.22)	1.81	(1.51 - 2.17)	0.821
Georgia	1.83	(1.38 - 2.43)	1.88	(1.40 - 2.52)	0.831
Hawaii	1.42	(1.00 - 2.02)	1.29	(0.93 - 1.78)	0.537
Idaho	1.77	(1.35 - 2.32)	1.69	(1.28 - 2.23)	0.651
Illinois	1.92	(1.58 - 2.33)	1.83	(1.53 - 2.19)	0.543
Indiana	1.86	(1.44 - 2.38)	1.89	(1.46 - 2.45)	0.844
Iowa	1.33	(0.92 - 1.92)	1.43	(1.06 - 1.92)	0.591
Kansas	1.90a	(1.43 - 2.53)	1.51	(1.12 - 2.03)	0.032
Kentucky	1.74	(1.28 - 2.36)	2.01	(1.55 - 2.59)	0.244
Louisiana	1.97	(1.44 - 2.69)	2.09	(1.57 - 2.78)	0.614
Maine	1.97	(1.51 - 2.56)	1.88	(1.43 - 2.47)	0.696
Maryland	1.79	(1.32 - 2.40)	2.00	(1.50 - 2.67)	0.373
Massachusetts	2.12	(1.63 - 2.74)	1.96	(1.50 - 2.57)	0.493
Michigan	2.03	(1.71 - 2.40)	1.92	(1.64 - 2.25)	0.469
Minnesota	1.67	(1.25 - 2.23)	1.67	(1.27 - 2.19)	0.997
Mississippi	1.96	(1.49 - 2.59)	1.81	(1.35 - 2.41)	0.443
Missouri	1.57	(1.16 - 2.12)	1.67	(1.27 - 2.20)	0.573
Montana	1.96	(1.50 - 2.57)	1.93	(1.47 - 2.52)	0.857
Nebraska	1.72	(1.31 - 2.27)	1.65	(1.24 - 2.20)	0.680
Nevada	1.76	(1.30 - 2.37)	1.76	(1.31 - 2.36)	0.989
New Hampshire	1.67	(1.26 - 2.22)	1.90	(1.45 - 2.48)	0.334
New Jersey	1.60	(1.19 - 2.14)	1.49	(1.11 - 2.01)	0.533
New Mexico	1.70	(1.28 - 2.27)	1.97	(1.48 - 2.60)	0.271
New York	2.16	(1.79 - 2.61)	2.16	(1.80 - 2.59)	1.000
North Carolina	1.97	(1.46 - 2.66)	1.95	(1.50 - 2.54)	0.930
North Dakota	1.52	(1.11 - 2.09)	1.50	(1.12 - 2.02)	0.912
Ohio	1.99	(1.66 - 2.39)	2.05	(1.74 - 2.41)	0.699
Oklahoma	1.97	(1.46 - 2.67)	1.88	(1.41 - 2.50)	0.666
Oregon	1.67	(1.26 - 2.21)	1.82	(1.38 - 2.41)	0.510
Pennsylvania	1.69	(1.41 - 2.02)	1.56	(1.29 - 1.87)	0.290
Rhode Island	2.38	(1.85 - 3.06)	2.61	(2.00 - 3.39)	0.423
South Carolina	1.80	(1.34 - 2.42)	1.85	(1.41 - 2.42)	0.806
South Dakota	1.32	(0.94 - 1.84)	1.33	(0.96 - 1.83)	0.960
Tennessee	1.95	(1.47 - 2.57)	2.02	(1.56 - 2.60)	0.738
Texas	1.75	(1.46 - 2.11)	1.84	(1.53 - 2.21)	0.548
Utah	2.05	(1.58 - 2.65)	1.99	(1.55 - 2.55)	0.783
Vermont	2.21	(1.74 - 2.81)	2.01	(1.57 - 2.58)	0.314
Virginia	1.74	(1.32 - 2.28)	1.91	(1.46 - 2.49)	0.364
Washington	2.06	(1.54 - 2.74)	1.91	(1.45 - 2.52)	0.532
West Virginia	1.84	(1.40 - 2.41)	1.81	(1.38 - 2.37)	0.906
Wisconsin	1.68	(1.23 - 2.27)	1.93	(1.45 - 2.57)	0.273
Wyoming	1.82	(1.41 - 2.36)	1.81	(1.38 - 2.38)	0.947

90309

Table 19. Dependence on or Abuse of Illicit Drugs or Alcohol in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2005, 2006, and 2007 NSDUHs

State	2005-2006 (Estimate)	2005-2006 (95% Prediction Interval)	2006-2007 (Estimate)	2006-2007 (95% Prediction Interval)	p value
NOTE: p value: Bayes posterior probability of no change. NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically; these estimates are based on data from original questions, excluding those on the use of over-the-counter drugs or new methamphetamine items that were added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.6 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings. NOTE: Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, and the 95 percent prediction (credible) intervals are generated by Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. a Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between the 2006-2007 estimate and the 2005-2006 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2005, 2006, and 2007.
Total U.S.	9.29		9.24		0.699
Northeast	8.80	(8.28 - 9.35)	8.68	(8.18 - 9.21)	0.599
Midwest	9.85	(9.44 - 10.28)	9.97	(9.54 - 10.41)	0.549
South	8.86	(8.46 - 9.28)	8.79	(8.39 - 9.21)	0.716
West	9.84	(9.26 - 10.44)	9.69	(9.14 - 10.26)	0.553
Alabama	7.93	(6.59 - 9.50)	7.80	(6.55 - 9.27)	0.824
Alaska	10.00	(8.58 - 11.62)	9.65	(8.23 - 11.29)	0.533
Arizona	9.84	(8.30 - 11.64)	9.45	(8.05 - 11.05)	0.487
Arkansas	9.68	(8.25 - 11.32)	9.98	(8.57 - 11.60)	0.622
California	9.95	(9.06 - 10.92)	9.71	(8.86 - 10.64)	0.542
Colorado	10.98	(9.36 - 12.84)	11.63	(10.03 - 13.44)	0.326
Connecticut	10.21	(8.70 - 11.95)	9.78	(8.40 - 11.35)	0.474
Delaware	8.56	(7.32 - 9.98)	8.78	(7.44 - 10.33)	0.665
District of Columbia	12.76	(11.03 - 14.72)	13.05	(11.31 - 15.00)	0.697
Florida	9.14	(8.26 - 10.11)	8.58	(7.75 - 9.49)	0.162
Georgia	8.59	(7.19 - 10.23)	8.71	(7.37 - 10.25)	0.829
Hawaii	8.46a	(6.97 - 10.24)	10.08	(8.32 - 12.16)	0.037
Idaho	9.53	(8.16 - 11.10)	9.07	(7.80 - 10.52)	0.395
Illinois	9.18	(8.33 - 10.10)	9.69	(8.83 - 10.62)	0.178
Indiana	9.23	(7.92 - 10.73)	8.88	(7.61 - 10.32)	0.510
Iowa	9.99	(8.56 - 11.62)	10.33	(8.86 - 12.01)	0.581
Kansas	10.01	(8.64 - 11.58)	9.72	(8.29 - 11.36)	0.614
Kentucky	7.60	(6.38 - 9.04)	8.31	(7.09 - 9.71)	0.176
Louisiana	9.35	(7.87 - 11.07)	9.51	(8.09 - 11.14)	0.791
Maine	9.71	(8.22 - 11.43)	9.85	(8.44 - 11.46)	0.821
Maryland	8.25a	(6.99 - 9.70)	9.47	(8.13 - 11.01)	0.023
Massachusetts	10.10	(8.64 - 11.76)	10.85	(9.34 - 12.58)	0.224
Michigan	10.12	(9.28 - 11.02)	9.81	(8.96 - 10.73)	0.431
Minnesota	10.79	(9.22 - 12.58)	10.74	(9.31 - 12.36)	0.941
Mississippi	8.12	(6.85 - 9.60)	8.03	(6.73 - 9.56)	0.867
Missouri	10.05	(8.66 - 11.64)	9.76	(8.42 - 11.30)	0.591
Montana	12.08a	(10.39 - 14.01)	10.71	(9.32 - 12.26)	0.037
Nebraska	10.77	(9.31 - 12.43)	9.84	(8.49 - 11.39)	0.102
Nevada	9.62	(8.14 - 11.33)	9.47	(8.06 - 11.09)	0.793
New Hampshire	9.52	(8.11 - 11.13)	10.04	(8.62 - 11.67)	0.374
New Jersey	7.49	(6.27 - 8.93)	7.62	(6.40 - 9.05)	0.768
New Mexico	9.65	(8.20 - 11.31)	9.97	(8.53 - 11.63)	0.579
New York	8.76	(7.89 - 9.73)	8.44	(7.59 - 9.38)	0.384
North Carolina	8.52	(7.20 - 10.06)	8.23	(7.01 - 9.63)	0.599
North Dakota	10.44	(9.06 - 12.01)	11.04	(9.65 - 12.61)	0.291
Ohio	9.73	(8.90 - 10.63)	10.22	(9.32 - 11.19)	0.215
Oklahoma	8.91	(7.58 - 10.44)	8.54	(7.20 - 10.12)	0.506
Oregon	8.16	(6.90 - 9.64)	8.38	(7.12 - 9.83)	0.677
Pennsylvania	8.22	(7.45 - 9.06)	7.77	(7.00 - 8.61)	0.200
Rhode Island	11.20	(9.62 - 13.01)	11.60	(10.04 - 13.37)	0.519
South Carolina	9.14	(7.79 - 10.70)	9.57	(8.18 - 11.16)	0.486
South Dakota	11.16	(9.71 - 12.80)	10.43	(9.05 - 12.00)	0.216
Tennessee	8.69	(7.39 - 10.19)	9.18	(7.87 - 10.68)	0.359
Texas	9.48b	(8.61 - 10.43)	8.84	(8.04 - 9.70)	0.086
Utah	9.14	(7.78 - 10.72)	8.39	(7.10 - 9.90)	0.185
Vermont	10.48	(8.99 - 12.19)	9.97	(8.64 - 11.49)	0.403
Virginia	8.47	(7.14 - 10.02)	9.00	(7.70 - 10.49)	0.323
Washington	9.65	(8.22 - 11.30)	9.36	(8.01 - 10.90)	0.601
West Virginia	7.91	(6.71 - 9.30)	7.84	(6.62 - 9.27)	0.885
Wisconsin	10.08	(8.66 - 11.72)	10.87	(9.39 - 12.56)	0.193
Wyoming	10.82	(9.33 - 12.51)	11.23	(9.81 - 12.82)	0.529